Innovare Journal of Ayurvedic Sciences

FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF MICROEMULSION-BASED SUBLINGUAL LIQUID CONTAINING VALERIAN ROOT EXTRACT

VIRASHRI M NORAJE — 2024-09-01

Objectives: The objective of this work was to perform pre-formulation studies, to prepare and optimize microemulsion (ME) containing valerian root extract, and to evaluate prepared ME liquid containing valerian root extract.

Methods: Valerian roots were subjected to extraction by maceration and percolation methods. The ME formulation was prepared using different concentrations of peanut oil as an oil phase, Tween 20 as a surfactant, and span 80 as a cosurfactant. Pseudoternary phase diagrams were constructed to identify the ME region and a suitable composition was identified to formulate the ME. The ME was evaluated for viscosity, pH, staining test, globule size, zeta potential, and transmission electron microscopy.

Results: The extractive value of valerian root in 70% ethanol was maximum (27.56±1.95 %w/w). Based on the thin layer chromatography experiment, the reported Rf value for valerenic acid is 0.48. Peanut oil showed the highest solubilization capacity for the drug, that is, 7.00±0.02 mg/mL. The optimized F4 formulation showed viscosity 110±7.9cP, pH 6.22±2.00, globule size 96.78±10.9, and zeta potential +67.5±1.9. The staining test for the optimized formulation (F4) indicated that the emulsion is oil in water type of ME.

Conclusion: This novel delivery of the drug in the oral cavity may ensure the quick and full release of the drug without interfering with the food, pH, enzymatic degradation, and gastric motility. This formulation containing herbal drug may offer an alternative natural solution for the treatment of insomnia.

FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF MICROEMULSION-BASED SUBLINGUAL LIQUID CONTAINING VALERIAN ROOT EXTRACT

VIRASHRI M NORAJE — 2024-05-01

Objective: The objective of this work was to perform pre-formulation studies, prepare, and optimize microemulsion containing valerian root extract, and evaluate the prepared microemulsion liquid containing valerian root extract.

Methods: Valerian roots were subjected to extraction by maceration and percolation methods. The microemulsion formulation was prepared using different concentrations of peanut oil as an oil phase, Tween 20 as a surfactant, and span 80 as a cosurfactant. Pseudoternary phase diagrams were constructed to identify the microemulsion region, and a suitable composition was identified to formulate the microemulsion. The microemulsion was evaluated for viscosity, pH, staining test, globule size, zeta potential, and transmission electron microscopy.

Results: The extractive value of valerian root in 70% ethanol was the maximum (27.56±1.95% w/w). Based on the thin-layer chromatography experiment, the reported Rf value for valerenic acid is 0.48. Peanut oil showed the highest solubilization capacity for the drug, i.e., 7.00±0.02 mg/mL. The optimized F4 formulation showed viscosity 110±7.9cP, pH 6.22±2.00, globule size 96.78±10.9, and zeta potential +67.5±1.9. The staining test for the optimized formulation (F4) indicated that the emulsion is an zo/w type of microemulsion.

UNVEILING THE PHARMACOLOGICAL SPECTRUM AND APPROVED THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITIES OF PIPER METHYSTICUM: AN IN-DEPTH REVIEW

DEEPALI THAKUR — 2024-02-01

In the plant Piper methysticum G. (Forst), Piperaceae, kava has active constituent storage in its roots and rhizomes. Kava root has been conventionally employed by individuals for alleviating anxiety, stress, managing drug withdrawal symptoms, addressing sleep-related concerns, and various other purposes; however, it is noteworthy that there is a lack of robust scientific evidence substantiating these purported therapeutic uses. The examination of existing literature reveals that kava lactones exert biological activity encompassing local anesthesia, antispasmodic effects, muscular relaxation, antimitotic properties, sedative attributes, anticonvulsive actions, analgesic properties, anxiolytic effects, and neuroprotective characteristics, thereby affirming their pharmacological potency. However, the plant’s medicinal value as an anti-depressant, anti-anxiety, or antioxidant has yet to be verified. Synthetic medications, on the other hand, are routinely recommended to alleviate stress and stress-related symptoms, but their tendency to induce drowsiness or sleep, the risk of dependence, and withdrawal effects limit their long-term usage. Clinical studies reveal that kava has 1-week efficacy at a modest dose. Evidently, herbal formulations assert enhancement of physical endurance, cognitive capacities, and non-specific resilience to stress without altering physiological functions; hence, imperative investigation into their safety and efficacy for therapeutic applications is warranted.

A REVIEW ON THE MEMORY POTENTIAL EFFECT OF “POLYGALA TENUIFOLIA, LYCII FRUCTUS AND CENTELLA ASIATICA”

MINAKSHI — 2024-04-01

Traditional medicines have been used as memory enhancers worldwide since ancient times. There are a number of herbs used for this purpose due to their memory potential property. Sage, Ginkgo Biloba, brahmi, ginseng, cinnamon, ginger, rosemary, Salvia Herbs, and Chinese celery are some examples of memory enhancer plants. In this article, we have reviewed the role of three medicinal plants (Polygala tenuifolia, Lycii fructus, and Centella asiatica) in the treatment of memory disorders. These plants have magical effects to increase memory function. There are several studies that show their memory potential effect.