INFLUENCE OF STRESS AND FLUOXETINE ON IMMOBILITY PERIOD OF MICE IN TAIL SUSPENSION TEST AND FORCED SWIM TEST

Authors

  • Vaibhav Walia Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak-124001, Haryana

Abstract

ABSTRACT
Objective: To investigate the influence of immobilization stress of 2 hrs and FLX on the immobility period of unstressed and stressed mice and to
determine how stress and FLX modulates the effect of each other.
Methods: Mice were stressed by immobilization for 2 hrs and the immobility period of both unstressed and stressed mice were determined by using
tail suspension test (TST) and forced swim test (FST).
Results: Immobilization stress of 2 hrs increased the immobility period of mice in both TST and FST. FLX reduced the immobility period of both
unstressed and stressed mice in both TST and FST. Both immobilization stress of 2 hrs and FLX modulated the effect of each other. Immobility period
of mice in which FLX was administered before the immobilization stress of 2 hrs had no significant difference from the immobility period of mice in
which FLX was administered after the immobilization stress of 2 hrs.
Conclusion: It has been concluded that the immobility period of mice in which FLX was administered before the immobilization stress of 2 hrs had no
significant difference from the immobility period of mice in which FLX was administered after the immobilization stress of 2 hrs.
Keywords: Stress, Depression, Fluoxetine, Immobility.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

REFERENCES

American Psychiatric Association. The Diagnostic and Statistical

Manual of Mental Disorders. 4

ed. Washington, DC: American

Psychiatric Press; 1994.

th

Wong ML, Licinio J. From monoamines to genomic targets: A

paradigm shift for drug discovery in depression. Nat Rev Drug Discov

;3(2):136-51.

Post RM. Transduction of psychosocial stress into the neurobiology of

recurrent affective disorder. Am J Psychiatry 1992;149(8):999-1010.

Vollmayr B, Henn FA. Stress models of depression. Clin Neurosci Res

;3:245-51.

Bravo G, Maswood S. Acute treatment with 5-HT3 receptor antagonist,

tropisetron, reduces immobility in intact female rats exposed to the

forced swim test. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2006;85(2):362-8.

Willner P, Towell A, Sampson D, Sophokleous S, Muscat R. Reduction

of sucrose preference by chronic unpredictable mild stress, and its

restoration by a tricyclic antidepressant. Psychopharmacology (Berl)

;93(3):358-64.

Hayase T. Depression-related anhedonic behaviors caused by

immobilization stress: A comparison with nicotine-induced depressionlike

behavioral

alterations

and effects

of nicotine and/or

antidepressantâ€

drugs.

J

Toxicol

Sci 2011;36(1):31-41.

Walesiuk A, Trofimiuk E, Braszko JJ. Ginkgo biloba normalizes

stress- and corticosterone-induced impairment of recall in rats.

Pharmacol Res 2006;53(2):123-8.

Sevgi S, Ozek M, Eroglu L. L-NAME prevents anxiety-like and

depression-like behavior in rats exposed to restraint stress. Methods

Find Exp Clin Pharmacol 2006;28(2):95-9.

Borsini F, Meli A. Is the forced swimming test a suitable model

for revealing antidepressant activity? Psychopharmacology (Berl)

;94(2):147-60.

Thierry B, Steru L, Chermat R, Simon P. Searching-waiting strategy: A

candidate for an evolutionary model of depression? Behav Neural Biol

;41(2):180-9.

Cryan JF, Mombereau C, Vassout A. The tail suspension test as a model

for assessing antidepressant activity: Review of pharmacological and

genetic studies in mice. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2005;29(4-5):571-625.

Cryan JF, Valentino RJ, Lucki I. Assessing substrates underlying the

behavioral effects of antidepressants using the modified rat forced

swimming test. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2005;29(4-5):547-69.

Steru L, Chermat R, Thierry B, Simon P. The tail suspension test: A new

method for screening antidepressants in mice. Psychopharmacology

(Berl) 1985;85(3):367-70.

Porsolt RD, Bertin A, Jalfre M. Behavioral despair in mice: A primary

screening test for antidepressants. Arch Int Pharmacodyn Ther

;229(2):327-36.

Porsolt RD, Le Pichon M, Jalfre M. Depression: A new animal model

sensitive to antidepressant treatments. Nature 1977;266(5604):730-2.

Vashadze SV. Insomnia, serotonin and depression. Georgian Med News

;(150):22-4.

Southwick SM, Vythilingam M, Charney DS. The psychobiology of

depression and resilience to stress: Implications for prevention and

treatment. Annu Rev Clin Psychol 2005;1:255-91.

Cowen PJ. Serotonin and depression: pathophysiological mechanism or

marketing myth? Trends Pharmacol Sci 2008;29(9):433-6.

Rang HP, Dale MM, Ritter JM, Flower RJ. Pharmacology. 6

ed.

Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2007.

Purselle DC, Nemeroff CB. Serotonin transporter: A potential substrate

in the biology of suicide. Neuropsychopharmacology 2003;28(4):613-9.

Adell A, Artigas F. Differential effects of clomipramine given locally

or systemically on extracellular 5-hydroxytryptamine in raphe nuclei

and frontal cortex. An in vivo brain microdialysis study. Naunyn

Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 1991;343(3):237-44.

Bel N, Artigas F. Fluvoxamine preferentially increases extracellular

-hydroxytryptamine in the raphe nuclei: An in vivo microdialysis

study. Eur J Pharmacol 1992;229(1):101-3.

Pawar GR, Agrawal RP, Phadnis P, Paliwal A, Vyas S, Solanki P.

Evaluation of antidepressant like property of amisulpride per se and its

comparison with fluoxetine and olanzapine using forced swimming test

in albino mice. Acta Pol Pharm 2009;66(3):327-31.

Shoeb A, Chowta M, Pallempati G, Rai A, Singh A. Evaluation

of antidepressant activity of vanillin in mice. Indian J Pharmacol

;45(2):141-4.

Conti AC, Cryan JF, Dalvi A, Lucki I, Blendy JA. cAMP response

element-binding protein is essential for the upregulation of brain-derived

neurotrophic factor transcription, but not the behavioral or endocrine

responses to antidepressant drugs. J Neurosci 2002;22(8):3262-8.

Poleszak E, Wlaz P, Kedzierska E, Nieoczym D, Wyska E, SzymuraOleksiak

J, et

al.

Immobility stress

induces depression-like behavior

in

the forced swim test in mice: Effect

of magnesium and imipramine.

Pharmacol

Rep 2006;58(5):746-52.

Mazzon E, Cuzzocrea S. Role of TNF-alpha in ileum tight junction

alteration in mouse model of restraint stress. Am J Physiol Gastrointest

Liver Physiol 2008;294(5):G1268-80.

Dannehl K, Rief W, Schwarz MJ, Hennings A, Riemer S, Selberdinger V,

et al. The predictive value of somatic and cognitive depressive

symptoms for cytokine changes in patients with major depression.

Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2014;10:1191-7.

th

Asian J Pharm Clin Res, Vol 9, Issue 2, 2016, 302-305

Walia

Donato F, de Gomes MG, Goes AT, Seus N, Alves D, Jesse CR,

et al. Involvement of the dopaminergic and serotonergic systems in the

antidepressant-like effect caused by 4-phenyl-1-(phenylselanylmethyl)1,2,3-triazole.

Life Sci 2013;93(9-11):393-400.

Zeni AL, Zomkowski AD, Maraschin M, Tasca CI, Rodrigues AL.

Evidence of the involvement of the monoaminergic systems in the

antidepressant-like effect of Aloysia gratissima. J Ethnopharmacol

;148(3):914-20.

Hurley LL, Tizabi Y. Neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration, and

depression. Neurotox Res 2013;23(2):131-44.

Lucki I, Dalvi A, Mayorga AJ. Sensitivity to the effects of

pharmacologically selective antidepressants in different strains of mice.

Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2001;155(3):315-22.

Porsolt RD, Bertin A, Blavet N, Deniel M, Jalfre M. Immobility

induced by forced swimming in rats: effects of agents which modify

central catecholamine and serotonin activity. Eur J Pharmacol

;57(2-3):201-10.

Porsolt RD. Animal models of depression: Utility for transgenic

research. Rev Neurosci 2000;11(1):53-8.

Detke MJ, Rickels M, Lucki I. Active behaviors in the rat forced

swimming test differentially produced by serotonergic and noradrenergic

antidepressants. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 1995;121(1):66-72.

Published

01-03-2016

How to Cite

Walia, V. “INFLUENCE OF STRESS AND FLUOXETINE ON IMMOBILITY PERIOD OF MICE IN TAIL SUSPENSION TEST AND FORCED SWIM TEST”. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research, vol. 9, no. 2, Mar. 2016, pp. 302-5, https://mail.innovareacademics.in/journals/index.php/ajpcr/article/view/10663.

Issue

Section

Original Article(s)