EFFECT OF OLMESARTAN AND LABETALOL ON OXIDATIVE STRESS AND ANTIOXIDANT STATUS IN SOUTH INDIAN HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the glutathione (GSH), lipid peroxidation, total antioxidant status levels (TAS), and liver function parameters such as serum
aspartate transaminase (AST) and serum alanine transaminase (ALT) in South Indian hypertensive patients before and after olmesartan and labetalol
treatment.
Methods: Total 69 subjects were selected for the study. Out of 69 subjects, 29 were healthy volunteers (HVs) and 40 subjects were hypertensive
patients. The patients both male and female within the age group of 20-65 years were selected. GSH, lipid peroxidation, TAS, AST, and ALT levels
in serum were estimated using reported methods. Individual methods were standardized, standard graphs were plotted, and the parameters were
measured.
Results: Significantly fewer levels of GSH and TAS and more levels of malondialdehyde were observed in untreated hypertensive patients as compared
with HVs. After drug treatment, there was significant raise in the levels of GSH and TAS as compared with untreated patients. No significant changes
in AST and ALT were observed in both olmesartan and labetalol group as compared with HVs.
Conclusions: The antioxidant supplementation is warranted to protect from oxidative stress attack, and the drugs such as olmesartan and labetalol
were showing the significant protection against oxidative stress which can significantly reduce blood pressure and prevent possible complications in
hypertensive patients.
Keywords: Hypertension, Oxidative stress, Olmesartan, Labetalol, Antioxidant.
Downloads
References
Devi P, Rao M, Sigamani A, Faruqui A, Jose M, Gupta R, et al.
Prevalence, risk factors and awareness of hypertension in India: A
systematic review. J Hum Hypertens 2013;27(5):281-7.
World Health Organization. Global Health Repository. Available from:
http://www.who.int/gho/ncd/risk_factors/blood_pressure_prevalance_
text/en/index.html. [Last accessed on 2013 Apr 24].
Keaney JF Jr, Larson MG, Vasan RS, Wilson PW, Lipinska I, Corey D,
et al. Obesity and systemic oxidative stress: Clinical correlates of
oxidative stress in the Framingham Study. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc
Biol 2003;23(3):434-9.
Lacy F, Kailasam TM, O’Connor DT, Schmid-Schonbein GW,
Parmer RJ. Plasma hydrogen peroxide production in human essential
hypertension: Role of heredity, gender and ethnicity. Hypertension
;36(5):878-84.
Montezano AC, Dulak-Lis M, Tsiropoulou S, Harvey A, Briones AM,
Touyz RM. Oxidative stress and human hypertension: Vascular
mechanisms, biomarkers, and novel therapies. Can J Cardiol
;31(5):631-41.
Baradaran A, Nasri H, Rafieian-Kopaei M. Oxidative stress and
hypertension: Possibility of hypertension therapy with antioxidants.
J Res Med Sci 2014;19(4):358-67.
Mueller CF, Laude K, McNally JS, Harrison DG. ATVB in focus:
Redox mechanisms in blood vessels. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol
;25(2):274-8.
Landmesser U, Harrison DG. Oxidative stress and vascular damage in
hypertension. Coron Artery Dis 2001;12(6):455-61.
Ishizuka T, Yoshigae Y, Murayama N, Izumi T. Different hydrolases
involved in bioactivation of prodrug-type angiotensin receptor
blockers: Carboxymethylenebutenolidase and carboxylesterase 1. Drug
Metab Dispos 2013;41(11):1888-95.
Laeis P, Püchler K, Kirch W. The pharmacokinetic and metabolic
profile of olmesartan medoxomil limits the risk of clinically relevant
drug interaction. J Hypertens Suppl 2001;19(1):S21-32.
Rang HP, Dale MM, Ritter JM, Flower RJ, Henderson G. Pharmacology.
ed. London: Churchil Livingstone; 2012.
Naidu MS, Suryakar AN, Swami SC, Katkam RV, Kumbar KM.
th
Oxidative stress and antioxidant status in cervical cancer patients.
Indian J Clin Biochem 2007;22(2):140-4.
Beutler E, Duron O, Kelly BM. Improved method for the determination
of blood glutathione. J Lab Clin Med 1963;61:882-8.
Blois MS. Antioxidant determinations by the use of a stable free radical.
Nature 1958;181:1199-200.
Moore K, Roberts LJ 2
. Measurement of lipid peroxidation. Free
Radic Res 1998;28(6):659-71.
nd
Reitman S, Frankel S. A colorimetric method for the determination of
serum glutamic oxalacetic and glutamic pyruvic transaminases. Am J
Clin Pathol 1957;28(1):56-63.
Zalba G, San José G, Moreno MU, Fortuño MA, Fortuño A,
Beaumont FJ, et al. Oxidative stress in arterial hypertension: Role of
NAD(P)H oxidase. Hypertension 2001;38(6):1395-9.
Sinha N, Dabla PK. Oxidative stress and antioxidants in hypertension-a
current review. Curr Hypertens Rev 2015;11(2):132-42.
Touyz RM, Schiffrin EL. Signal transduction mechanisms mediating
the physiological and pathophysiological actions of angiotensin II in
vascular smooth muscle cells. Pharmacol Rev 2000;52(4):639-72.
Kumar KV, Das UN. Are free radicals involved in the pathobiology
of human essential hypertension? Free Radic Res Commun
;19(1):59-66.
Rees DD, Palmer RM, Moncada S. Role of endothelium-derived nitric
oxide in the regulation of blood pressure. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
;86(9):3375-8.
Solzbach U, Hornig B, Jeserich M, Just H. Vitamin C improves
endothelial dysfunction of epicardial coronary arteries in hypertensive
patients. Circulation 1997;96(5):1513-9.
Naya M, Tsukamoto T, Morita K, Katoh C, Furumoto T, Fujii S, et al.
Olmesartan, but not amlodipine, improves endothelium-dependent
coronary dilation in hypertensive patients. J Am Coll Cardiol
;50(12):1144-9.
Arthur JR. The glutathione peroxidases. Cell Mol Life Sci
;57(13-14):1825-35.
Oelze M, Kröller-Schön S, Steven S, Lubos E, Doppler C, Hausding M,
et al. Glutathione peroxidase-1 deficiency potentiates dysregulatory
modifications of endothelial nitric oxide synthase and vascular
dysfunctionin aging. Hypertension 2014;63(2):390-6.
Allison SJ. Hypertension: Oxidative stress and immune activation in
hypertension. Nat Rev Nephrol 2016;12(1):4.
Alexander WR. Hypertension and the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.
Hypertension 1995;25(2):155-81.
Zou AP, Li N, Cowley AW Jr. Production and actions of superoxide in
the renal medulla. Hypertension 2001;37:547-53.
Wen Y, Killalea S, McGettigan P, Feely J. Lipid peroxidation and
antioxidant vitamins C and E in hypertensive patients. Ir J Med Sci
;165(3):210-2.
Fukui T, Ishizaka N, Rajagopalan S, Laursen JB, Capers Q 4
,
Taylor WR, et al. P22phox mRNA expression and NADPH oxidase
activity are increased in aortas from hypertensive rats. Circ Res
;80(1):45-51.
Rajagopalan S, Kurz S, Münzel T, Tarpey M, Freeman BA,
Griendling KK, et al. Angiotensin II-mediated hypertension in the
rat increases vascular superoxide production via membrane NADH/
NADPH oxidase activation. Contribution to alterations of vasomotor
tone. J Clin Invest 1996;97(8):1916-23.
Yoshida J, Yamamoto K, Mano T, Sakata Y, Nishikawa N, Nishio M,
et al. AT1 receptor blocker added to ACE inhibitor provides benefits
at advanced stage of hypertensive diastolic heart failure. Hypertension
;43(3):686-91.
Yang HY, Kao PF, Chen TH, Tomlinson B, Ko WC, Chan P. Effects of
the angiotensin II Type 1 receptor antagonist valsartan on the expression
of superoxide dismutase in hypertensive patients. J Clin Pharmacol
;47(3):397-403.
Gomes A, Costa D, Lima JL, Fernandes E. Antioxidant activity of
beta-blockers: An effect mediated by scavenging reactive oxygen and
nitrogen species? Bioorg Med Chem 2006;14(13):4568-77.
th
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
The publication is licensed under CC By and is open access. Copyright is with author and allowed to retain publishing rights without restrictions.