PREVALENCE OF CEPHALOSPORIN-RESISTANT GRAM-NEGATIVE BACILLI FROM CLINICAL SAMPLES
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2016.v9s2.13456Abstract
ABSTRACT
Objective: Beta-lactams are the group of antibiotics that contain a ring called as beta-lactam ring,†which is responsible for the antibacterial activity.
The presence of resistance among Gram-negative organisms is due to the production of beta-lactamases enzymes that hydrolysis the beta-lactam ring
thereby conferring resistance to the organism. This study is undertaken to determine the prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)
producing Gram-negative organism from clinical samples.
Methods: A total of 112 clinical samples were taken for this study. The combined disc synergistic test (CDST) was used for the phenotypic detection
of ESBL producers from the clinical samples. The genotypic identification of ESBL producers was carried out by alkaline lysis method by isolation of
plasmid DNA.
Result: A total of 87 bacterial isolates were isolated and identified. Among them, Klebsiella (41%) was the predominant organism followed by
Escherichia coli (33%), Proteus (10%), Pseudomonas (10%), and Serratia (6%). Among the various bacterial isolates, Klebsiella showed a higher
percentage of resistance. The CDST showed that 8 isolates of Klebsiella, 3 isolates of E. coli, and 1 isolate of Pseudomonas were found to be ESBL
producers. The genotypic confirmation showed that the two bacterial isolates, namely, Klebsiella and E. coli were found to possess temoniera (TEM)
gene which was the 400-500 bp conferring resistance to the antibiotics.
Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that early detection of ESBL producing Gram-negative organism is a very important step in planning the
therapy of patient in Hospitals. CDST continues to be a good indicator in the detection of ESBL producers.
Keywords: Beta-lactamases, Gram-negative bacilli, Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase, Resistance, Combined disc synergistic test.
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