PHYSICOCHEMICAL, PHYTOCHEMICAL AND HIGH-PERFORMANCE THIN LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY ANALYSIS OF THE ROOT BARKS OF ONOSMA ECHIOIDES
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2017.v10i10.20064Keywords:
Onosma echioides, High-performance thin layer chromatography, Phytochemical screening, StandardizationAbstract
Â
 Objective: Onosma echioides (OE) L., family Boraginaceae, is most recurrently used remedial herb, which is extensively dispersed all over India. It is used as purgative, bladder obstacle, liver chaos, kidney obstruction, sciatic pain, and gout. The study was meant to carry out the physicochemical, phytochemical, and high-performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) analysis on root bark of OE.
Methods: The physicochemical parameters were carried out as per the World Health Organization guideline. The preliminary chemical test was performed as per pharmacopeia and conventional methods. Camag HPTLC system equipped with TLC autosampler 4 applicator, TLC scanner 3 and win CATS 1.4.4. Software was used for HPTLC analysis of plant extract with standard, i.e., shikonin. The extracts were developed using toluene:ethyl acetate:formic acid (5:4:0.3) as a mobile phases using standard procedures and scanned under ultraviolet 254 nm and 366 nm.
Results: OE is composed of sterols, tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids, glycoside, saponin, and carbohydrates. The plant was found to be free from adulteration and contamination. The fluorescence characteristics of leaf powder were studied both in visible light and ultraviolet light (254 nm and 365 nm) after treatment with various reagents. The TLC plate showed several spots at different Rf when viewed under 254 nm, 366 nm. The HPTLC profile showed several peaks that indicated the presence of various phytochemicals along with its active constituent, i.e., shikonin.
Conclusion: The study provides referential information for the standardization of the plant. The HPTLC profile will help in authentication and standardization of the plant.
Downloads
References
Kumar N, Kumar R, Kishore K. Onosma L.: A review of phytochemistry and ethnopharmacology. Pharmacogn Rev 2013;7(14):140-51.
Sharma GK. Medical plant folklore and the Ayurvedic system of medicine in the Indo-Tibetan outer Himalaya. J Tenness Acad Sci 2000;75:38-1.
Baral SR, Kurmi PP. Compendium of Medicinal Plants in Nepal. Chabahil, Kathmandu, Nepal: Rachana Sharma Publishers; 2006. p. 534.
Bharttarai S, Chaudhary RP, Taylor RS. Ethnomedical plants used by the people of Manang district, central Nepal. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed 2006;2:41-8.
Sharma S, Khan N, Sultana S. Effect of Onosma echioides on DMBA/croton oil mediated carcinogenic response, hyperproliferation and oxidative damage in murine skin. Life Sci 2004;75:2391-410.
Roeder E, Wiedenfeld H. Pyrrolizidine alkaloids in medicinal plants of Mongolia, Nepal and Tibbet. Pharmazie 2009; 64(11): 699-16. Doi: 10.1691/ph.2009.9653.
Chopra RN, Nayar SL, Chopra IC, Asolkar LV, Kakkar KK, Chakre OJ, Verma BS. Glossary of Indian Medicinal Plants. New Delhi, India: National Institute of Science Communication; 1996. p. 1956-92.
Nikita G, Vivek P, Chhaya G. Wound-healing activity of an oligomer of alkannin/shikonin, isolated from root bark of Onosma echioides. Nat Prod Res 2015;29(16):1584-8.
Omkar A, Jeej T, Chhaya G. Evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity of Nyctanthes arbortristis and Onosma echioides. Pharmacogn Mag 2006;2(8):258-60.
Bairagi N, Gulrajani ML. Studies on dyeing with shikonin extracted from ratanjot by Supercritical carbon dioxide. Indian J Fibre Text Res 2005;30:196-9.
Ansari SH. Standardization of crude drugs. Essential of Pharmacognosy. New Delhi: Birla Publication Private Limited; 2008. p. 575-96.
Kamath CR, Shah B. Phytochemical screening and standardization of polyherbal formulation: Maharishi Amrit Kalash. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci 2014;6(7):96-8.
Harborne JB. Phytochemical Methods, Guide to Modern Techniques of Plant Analysis. 3rd ed. New Delhi: Springer (India) Pvt. Ltd.; 1998. p. 5-2.
Khandelwal KR. Technique and experiments. Practical Pharmacognosy, Appendix 1. 19th ed New Delhi: Nirali Prakashan; 2008. p. 183.
Saini S, Dhiman A, Nanda S. Pharmacognostical and phytochemical studies of Piper betle Linn. Leaf. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci 2016;8(5):222-6.
Controller of Publications. Indian Pharmacopoeia, Apendix 3. Vol 2. New Delhi: Controller of Publications; 1996.
Sharma PK, Mohammad A, Yadav DK. Physico chemical and phytochemcial evaluation of different tea brands. J Appl Pharm Sci 2011;1(3):121-4.
Hariprasad PS, Ramakrishnan N. HPTLC fingerprint profile of Rumex vesicarius L. Asian J Pharm Clin Res 2011;4(2):134-6.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
The publication is licensed under CC By and is open access. Copyright is with author and allowed to retain publishing rights without restrictions.
