EVALUATION OF ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF PARIS POLYPHYLLA SM.

HOM-SINGLI  MAYIRNAO; ARBEEN AHMAD  BHAT

doi:10.22159/ajpcr.2017.v10i11.20984

Authors

HOM-SINGLI MAYIRNAO Department of Botany, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, India.
ARBEEN AHMAD BHAT Department of Botany, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, India. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4733-3326

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2017.v10i11.20984

Keywords:

Antioxidant, Anticancer, Antimicrobial, Phenolics, Flavonoids

Abstract

Â

Â Objectives: Paris polyphylla Sm. is a very important anti-cancerous plant species found in the Himalayan region of India. The present study was carried out to determine the phenolic and flavonoid content, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of its rhizome.

Methods: Antioxidant activity of rhizome extract was evaluated through 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging assay. Antimicrobial activity was evaluated through disc diffusion assay against two bacterial and two fungal strains. The bacterial species used in the present study were Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus and the fungal strains used were Aspergillus niger and Trichoderma reesei.

Results: The standard curve of Gallic acid revealed that the phenolic content of our sample is 43.01Â±0.17 mg Gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g dry weight (DW). Similarly, flavonoids were obtained as 28Â±0.12 mg quercetin equivalent/g DW of the sample. It was observed that the methanolic rhizome extract showed higher antioxidant potential than water extract with the IC50 value of 1.09 mg/ml. Further, the rhizome extract of P. polyphylla species exhibited significant antimicrobial activity and it was observed that at concentration of 5 mg/ml of the sample, the percentage inhibition was 95-97% in E. coli, S. aureus and A. niger whereas in case of T. reesei it was 74%.

Conclusion: This study is first of its kind in the Indian subcontinent on this plant species and these findings indicate the tremendous and promising potential of this wonder herb. A lot of work has already been done in China on this species, therefore, further studies are required for the conservation and sustainable use in Indian subcontinent before this species is thrown into extinction as it has already been declared vulnerable.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

HOM-SINGLI MAYIRNAO, Department of Botany, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, India.

Student of Dept. of Botany, Lovely Professional University, Punjab

ARBEEN AHMAD BHAT, Department of Botany, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, India.

Presently I am working as Asst. Prof. in Dept. of Botany, Lovely Professional University

References

Petrovska BB. Historical review of medicinal plantsâ€™ usage. Pharmacogn Rev 2012;6(11):1-5.

Hassan BA. Medicinal plants (importance and uses). Pharm Anal Acta 2012;3:10.

Fabricant DS, Farnsworth NR. The value of plants used in traditional medicine for drug discovery. Environ Health Perspect 2001;109 Suppl 1:69-75.

Caufield C. The Rainforest. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press; 1991.

Meskin MS, Bidlack WR, Davies AJ, Omaye ST. Phytochemicals in nutrition and health. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press; 2002.

Doughari JH. Phytochemicals: Extraction methods, basic structures and mode of action as potential chemotherapeutic agents in phytochemicals-a global perspective of their role in nutrition and health. In: Rao V, editor. Phytochemicals-A Global Perspective of Their Role in Nutrition and Health. Europe: In Tech Publishers; 2012.

Sasidharan S, Chen Y, Saravanan D, Sundram KM, Latha LY. Extraction, isolation and characterization of bioactive compounds from plant extracts. Afr J Tradit Complement Altern Med 2011;8(1):1-10.

Swain T. Plants in the Development of Modern Medicine. Cambridge: Harvard University Press; 1972.

Ji Y, Fritsch PW, Li H, Xiao T, Zhou Z. Phylogeny and classification of Paris (Melanthiaceae) inferred from DNA sequence data. Ann Bot 2006;98(1):245-56.

Liang S, Soukup VG. Paris Linnaeus. In: Sing-Chi C, Song-Jun L, Jiemei X, Tamura MN, editors. Flora of China, Flagellariaceae through Marantaceae. Vol. 24. Beijing, St. Louis, USA: Science Press, China and Missouri Botanic Garden Press; 2000. p. 88-95.

Paul A, Gajurel PA, Das AK. Threats and conservation of Paris polyphylla an endangered, highly exploited medicinal plant in the Indian Himalayan Region. Biodiversitas 2015;16(2):295-302.

Man S, Gao W, Zhang Y, Jin X, Ma C, Huang X, et al. Characterization of steroidal saponins in saponin extract from Paris polyphylla by liquid chromatography tandem multi-stage mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2009;395(2):495-505.

Rajsekhar PB, Bharani RS, Jini AK, Ramachandran M, Sharadha P, Rajsekhar V. Extraction of Paris polyphylla rhizome using different solvents and its phytochemical studies. Int J Pharmacogn Phytochem Res 2016;8(1):18-21.

Mao AA, Hynniewta TM, Sanjappa M. Plant wealth of Northeast India with reference to ethnobotany. Indian J Tradit Knowl 2009;8(1):96-103.

Shah SA, Mazumder PB, Choudhury MD. Medicinal properties of Paris polyphylla: A review. J Herbal Med Toxicol 2012;6(1):27-33.

Imotomba RK, Devi LS. Creation of geospatial data base of medicinal plants of Senapati district, Manipur. Natl J Chem Biosis 2011;2(2):17-36.

Ainsworth EA, Gillespie KM. Estimation of total phenolic content and other oxidation substrates in plant tissues using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent. Nat Protoc 2007;2(4):875-7.

Chang C, Yang M, Wen H, Chern J. Estimation of total flavonoid content in propolis by two complementary colorimetric methods. J Foods Drugs Anal 2002;10:178-82.

Padmanabhan P, Jangle SN. Evaluation of DPPH radical scavenging activity and reducing power of four selected medicinal plants and their combinations. Int J Pharm Sci Drug Res 2012;4(2):143-6.

Balouiri M, Sadiki M, Ibnsouda SK. Methods for in vitro evaluating antimicrobial activity: A review. J Pharm Anal 2016;6:71-9.

Kumar G, Karthik L, Rao KV. In vitro anti-Candida activity of Calotropis gigantea against clinical isolates of Candida. J Pharm Res 2010;3:539-42.

Naik GH, Priyadarsini KI, Satav JG, Banavalikar MM, Sohoni DP, Biyani MK, et al. Comparative antioxidant activity of individual herbal components used in Ayurvedic medicine. Phytochemistry 2003;63(1):97-104.

Shen S, Chen D, Li X, Li T, Yuan M, Zhou Y, et al. Optimization of extraction process and antioxidant activity of polysaccharides from leaves of Paris polyphylla. Carbohydr Polym 2014;104:80-6.

Qin XJ, Sun DJ, Ni W, Chen CX, Hua Y, He L, et al. Steroidal saponins with antimicrobial activity from stems and leaves of Paris polyphylla var. Yunnanensis. Steroids 2012;77(12):1242-8.

Zhao J, Mou Y, Shan T, Li Y, Zhou L, Wang M, et al. Antimicrobial metabolites from the endophytic fungus Pichia guilliermondii isolated from Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis. Molecules 2010;15(11):7961-70.

Lobo R, Prabhu KS, Shirwaikar A, Shirwaikar A. Curcuma zedoaria Rosc. (white turmeric): A review of its chemical, pharmacological and ethno medicinal properties. J Pharm Pharmacol 2009;61:13-21.

Mohanasundari L, Suja S. Antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity of the mixture of ethanolic extracts of Alpinia speciosa and Alpinia calcarata rhizome. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci 2016;8(8):164-70.

Ghasemzadeh A, Ghasemzadeh N. Flavonoids and phenolic acids: Role and biochemical activity in plants and human. J Med Plants Res 2011;5(31):6697-703.

Saxena M, Saxena J, Pradhan M. Flavonoids and phenolic acids as antioxidants in plants and human health. Int J Pharm Sci Rev Res 2012;16(2):130-4.

Huang WY, Cai YZ, Zhang Y. Natural phenolic compounds from medicinal herbs and dietary plants: Potential use for cancer prevention. Nutr Cancer 2010;62(1):1-20.

Saiah H, Allem R, Zohra F, Kebir E. Antioxidant and antibacterial activities of six Algerian medicinal plants. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci 2016;8(1):367-74.

Anonymous. Conservation, Assessment and Management Prioritization Report (CAMP). International Development Research Center (IDRC). Kathmandu, Nepal: Canada and Ministry of Forest and Soil Conservation; 2001.