ANTIMICROBIAL AND TOXICOLOGICAL STUDIES OF RICINODENDRON HEUDELOTII (BAILL.)

Omolara Faith Yakubu; Abiodun Humphrey Adebayo; Tolulope Oluwasomo Famakinwa; Oluwatobi Samuel Adegbite; Temitope Arike Ishola; Loretta Onoshownen Imonikhe; Oladipupo Alaba Adeyemi; Olufisayo Adebola Awotoye; EMEKA EZE JOSHUA IWEALA

doi:10.22159/ajpcr.2018.v11i1.21251

Authors

Omolara Faith Yakubu Department of Biochemistry, College of Science and Technology, Covenant University, PMB 1023, Canaan land, Ota, Ogun, Nigeria.
Abiodun Humphrey Adebayo Department of Biochemistry, College of Science and Technology, Covenant University, PMB 1023, Canaan land, Ota, Ogun, Nigeria. http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5135-064X
Tolulope Oluwasomo Famakinwa Department of Biological Sciences, Baze University, Abuja, FCT, Nigeria.
Oluwatobi Samuel Adegbite Department of Chemical Science, Osun State University, Osun State, Nigeria.
Temitope Arike Ishola Department of Biochemistry, College of Science and Technology, Covenant University, PMB 1023, Canaan land, Ota, Ogun, Nigeria.
Loretta Onoshownen Imonikhe Department of Biochemistry, College of Science and Technology, Covenant University, PMB 1023, Canaan land, Ota, Ogun, Nigeria.
Oladipupo Alaba Adeyemi Department of Biochemistry, College of Science and Technology, Covenant University, PMB 1023, Canaan land, Ota, Ogun, Nigeria.
Olufisayo Adebola Awotoye Department of Biochemistry, College of Science and Technology, Covenant University, PMB 1023, Canaan land, Ota, Ogun, Nigeria.
EMEKA EZE JOSHUA IWEALA Department of Biochemistry, College of Science and Technology, Covenant University, PMB 1023, Canaan land, Ota, Ogun, Nigeria.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2018.v11i1.21251

Keywords:

Ricinodendron heudelotii, Euphorbiaceae, Antimicrobial, Toxicology, Histology

Abstract

Â Objective: This work assessed the antimicrobial activity and toxicological consequence of the ethanolic extract of Ricinodendron heudelotii (Baill).

Methods: The antimicrobial potential of the leaf extract was investigated against 9 different microorganisms using the agar well diffusion method while the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was ascertained. Toxicity evaluations were carried out on five groups of seven albino rats each for 28 days. Rats in Group A received normal saline, while those in Groups B, C, D, and E received 250, 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/kg body weight (b.w.) of the extract. After treatment, they were anesthetized, blood samples collected for biochemical assays; organs isolated, weighed, and processed for histopathological studies.

Results: The phytochemical screening showed the presence of glycosides, tannins, polyphenols, terpenoids, and alkaloids while saponin was absent. Antimicrobial effect was observed against 7 of the 9 microorganisms tested with inhibition zone and MIC ranging from 18 to 36 mm and 31.25 to 62.5 mg/mL, respectively. Liver function tests were significantly (p<0.05) increased, whereas no significant change in total protein and creatinine levels was observed. Histology showed a sinusoidal congestion and vacuolar degeneration of hepatocytes in groups administered higher doses, and a dose-dependent reduction was observed in some hematological parameters.

Conclusion: The results obtained suggest that the R. heudelotii may not induce significant toxic effect below 3600 mg/kg b.w. and could serve as an effective antibiotic.

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Author Biographies

Omolara Faith Yakubu, Department of Biochemistry, College of Science and Technology, Covenant University, PMB 1023, Canaan land, Ota, Ogun, Nigeria.

Ms. Omolara Faith Yakubu Asistant Leturer

Department of Biological Sciences Covenant University

Abiodun Humphrey Adebayo, Department of Biochemistry, College of Science and Technology, Covenant University, PMB 1023, Canaan land, Ota, Ogun, Nigeria.

Dr. Abiodun Humphrey Adebayo Associate Professor Department of Biological Sciences Covenant University

Tolulope Oluwasomo Famakinwa, Department of Biological Sciences, Baze University, Abuja, FCT, Nigeria.

Department of Biological Sciences Lecturer II

Temitope Arike Ishola, Department of Biochemistry, College of Science and Technology, Covenant University, PMB 1023, Canaan land, Ota, Ogun, Nigeria.

Biological Sciences

Loretta Onoshownen Imonikhe, Department of Biochemistry, College of Science and Technology, Covenant University, PMB 1023, Canaan land, Ota, Ogun, Nigeria.

Biological Sciences

Oladipupo Alaba Adeyemi, Department of Biochemistry, College of Science and Technology, Covenant University, PMB 1023, Canaan land, Ota, Ogun, Nigeria.

Biological Sciences

Olufisayo Adebola Awotoye, Department of Biochemistry, College of Science and Technology, Covenant University, PMB 1023, Canaan land, Ota, Ogun, Nigeria.

Biological Sciences

EMEKA EZE JOSHUA IWEALA, Department of Biochemistry, College of Science and Technology, Covenant University, PMB 1023, Canaan land, Ota, Ogun, Nigeria.

Dr Emeka Joshua Iweala Professor

Department of Biological Sciences Covenant University

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ANTIMICROBIAL AND TOXICOLOGICAL STUDIES OF RICINODENDRON HEUDELOTII (BAILL.)

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Author Biographies

Omolara Faith Yakubu, Department of Biochemistry, College of Science and Technology, Covenant University, PMB 1023, Canaan land, Ota, Ogun, Nigeria.

Abiodun Humphrey Adebayo, Department of Biochemistry, College of Science and Technology, Covenant University, PMB 1023, Canaan land, Ota, Ogun, Nigeria.

Tolulope Oluwasomo Famakinwa, Department of Biological Sciences, Baze University, Abuja, FCT, Nigeria.

Temitope Arike Ishola, Department of Biochemistry, College of Science and Technology, Covenant University, PMB 1023, Canaan land, Ota, Ogun, Nigeria.

Loretta Onoshownen Imonikhe, Department of Biochemistry, College of Science and Technology, Covenant University, PMB 1023, Canaan land, Ota, Ogun, Nigeria.

Oladipupo Alaba Adeyemi, Department of Biochemistry, College of Science and Technology, Covenant University, PMB 1023, Canaan land, Ota, Ogun, Nigeria.

Olufisayo Adebola Awotoye, Department of Biochemistry, College of Science and Technology, Covenant University, PMB 1023, Canaan land, Ota, Ogun, Nigeria.

EMEKA EZE JOSHUA IWEALA, Department of Biochemistry, College of Science and Technology, Covenant University, PMB 1023, Canaan land, Ota, Ogun, Nigeria.

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