ESTIMATION OF TOTAL FLAVONOID, PHENOLIC CONTENT, AND FREE RADICAL SCAVENGING POTENTIAL OF GLYCYRRHIZA GLABRA ROOT EXTRACT

Velvizhi S; Annapurani S

doi:10.22159/ajpcr.2018.v11i4.23711

Authors

Velvizhi S Department of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education for Women, Coimbatore - 641 043, Tamil Nadu, India.
Annapurani S Department of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education for Women, Coimbatore - 641 043, Tamil Nadu, India.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2018.v11i4.23711

Keywords:

Glycyrrhiza glabra, 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl, Nil, Superoxide, hydroxyl, Hydrogen peroxide, Nitric oxide, Flavonoids, Phenol

Abstract

Â Objective: The present study attempts to estimate the total flavonoid and phenolic content and to evaluate the free radical scavenging activity of the roots of Glycyrrhiza glabra Leguminosae family.

Methods: The various extracts, namely, petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, aqueous, and methanol of G. glabra root were evaluated by 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH), hydroxyl radicals, superoxide, 2,2'-azino-bis-3-ethyl benzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS), and non-radicals such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and nitric oxide (NO) and assays. Total flavonoid and phenol contents were estimated as per the standard procedure.

Results: The effect of the methanolic extract of G. glabra root was found to be more in scavenging the free radicals such as DPPH, hydroxyl, H2O2, superoxide, NO, and ABTS when compared to other extracts. The presence of flavonoids and phenol in the plant is responsible for the free radical scavenging effects.

Conclusion: This in vitro assessment of the antioxidant properties of the various extracts of G. glabra roots validates and confirms its free-radical scavenging activity. Thus, the present data suggest that the G. glabra root extract can be used as a good source of natural antioxidants for health benefits.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biography

Velvizhi S, Department of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education for Women, Coimbatore - 641 043, Tamil Nadu, India.

Department of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics

References

Chopra PK, Saraf BD, Inam F. Antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of methanol extract roots of Glycyrrhiza glabra and HPLC analysis. Int J Pharm Pharmacol Sci 2013;5:157-60.

Visavadia NP, Soni B, Dalwadi N. Evaluation of anti-oxidant and anti atherogenic properties of Glycyrrhiza glabra roots using in vitro models. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2009;60:135-49.

Singh G, Gupta A, Jjalhan S, Jindal A. Pharmacological activities on Glycyrrhiza glabra -a review. Asian J Pharm Clin Res 2013;11:5-7.

Govt. of India, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India Part-I. Vol. 1. New Delhi: Govt. of India, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare; 168-9.

Gulcin I. Antioxidant activity of L-Adrenaline: An activity-structure insight. Chem Biol Interact 2009;179:71-80.

Sangameswaran B, Chubhale D, Balakrishnan BR, Jayakar B. Hepatoprotective effects of Thespesia lampas. Dhaka Univ J Pharm Sci 2008;7:11-3.

Baba SA, Malik SA. Determination of total phenolic and flavonoid content, antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of a root extract of Arisaema jacquemontii. J Taibah Univ Sci 2015;9:449-54.

Chang C, Yang M, Wen H. Estimation of total flavonoid content in propolis by two complementary colorimetric methods. J Food Drug Anal 2002;10:178-82.

Mensor LI, Menezes FS, Leitao GG, Reis AS, Santos DT, Coube CS, Leitao SG. Screening of Brazilian plant extracts for antioxidant activity

Fig.

by the use of DPPH free radical method. Phyto Res 2001;15:127-30.

Elizabeth K, Rao MN. Oxygen radical scavenging activity of Curcumin. Int J Pharm 1990;58:237-40.

Ruch RJ, Cheng SJ, Kalaunig JE. Prevention of cytotoxicity and inhibition of intracellular communication by antioxidant catechins isolated from Chinese green tea. Carcinogenesis 1989;10:1003-8.

Misra MP, Fridovich I. The role of superoxide anion in the auto oxidation of epinephrine and simple assay for superoxide dismutase. J Biol Chem 1972;247:3170-5.

Green LC, Wagner DA, Gloowski J, Skipper PL, Wishnok JS, Tannenbaum SR. Analysis of nitrate, nitrite and (15N) nitrate in biological fluids. Anal Biochem 1982;126:131-6.

Shirwaikar A, Shirwaikar A, Rajendran K, Punitha IS. In vitro antioxidant studies on the benzyl tetra isoquinoline alkaloid berberine. Biol Pharm Bull 2006;29:1906-10.

Shivakumar S, Sandhiya S, Subhasree N. Agrawal A, Dubey GP. In vitro assessment of antibacterial and antioxidant activities of fruit rind extracts of Garcinia cambogia L. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci 2013;5:254-57.

Dhal Y, Deo B, Sahu RK. Comparative antioxidant activity of non-enzymatic and enzymatic extracts of Curcuma zedoaria, Curcuma angustifolia and Curcuma caesia, Int J Plant Anim Environ Sci 2012;2:232-9.

Manian R, Anusuya N, Siddhuraju P, Manian S. The antioxidant activity and free radical scavenging potential of two different solvent extracts of Camellia sinensis (L.) Ficus bengalensis L. and Ficus racemosa L. Food Chem 2008;107:1000-7.

Kowti R, Hareesh AR, Harsha R. In vitro free radical scavenging activity of leaves of Spathodea campanulata. Int J Drug Dev Res 2010;2:622-8.

Barik CS, Kanungo SK, Tripathy NK, Panda J, Sahoo B. Evaluation of free radical scavenging activity of poly herbal formulations containing four different plant extracts. Der Pharm Lett 2016;8:496-501.

Sahoo S, Ghosh G, Das D, Nayak S. Phytochemical investigation and in vitro antioxidant activity of an indigenous medicinal plant Alpinia nigra BL. Burtt. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2013;3:871-6.

Geetha S, Sai Ram M, Mongia SS, Singh V, Ilavazhagan G, Sawhney RC, et al. Evaluation of antioxidant activity of leaf extract of Seabuckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) on chromium(VI) induced oxidative stress in albino rats. J Ethnopharmacol 2003;87:247-51.

Sunila AV, Murugan K. Variation in phenolics, flavonoids at different stages of fruit development of Pouteria campechiana(kunth) baehniand its antioxidant activity. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci 2017;9:70-5.

Fidrianny I, Fitrani D, Kusmardiyani S, Rizaldy D, Ruslan K. In vitro antioxidant and phytochemical analysis of different parts of simana lagi apple (Malus, Domestica borkh.] simana lagiâ€) grown in east java-Indonesia. Asian J Pharm Clin Res 2017;10:41-5.

Rajpurohit A, Nayak DS, Patil S, Mahadevan KM. In vitro antioxidant, antimicrobial and admet study of novel furan/benzofuran c-2 coupled quinoline hybrids. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci 2017;l9:144-53.

Dehpour AA, Ebrahimzadeh MA, Nabavi SF, Nabavi SM. Antioxidant activity of methanol extract of Ferula assafoetida and its essential oil composition. Grasas Aceites 2009;60:405-12.

Al-Bachir M, Al-Adawi M. Comparative effect of irradiation and heating on the microbiological properties of licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.) root powders. Int J Radiat Biol 2015;91:112-6.

Jahan Y, Siddique HH. Study of antitussive potential of Glycyrrhiza glabra and Adhatoda vasica using a cough model induced by SO2 gas in mice. Int J Pharm Sci Res 2012;3:1668-74.

Rahman S, Sultana S. Glycyrrhizin exhibits potential chemopreventive activity on 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol13-acetate-induced cutaneous oxidative stress and tumor promotion in Swiss albino mice. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2007;22:363-9.

Vaya J, Belinky PA, Aviram M. Antioxidant constituents from licorice roots: Isolation, structure elucidation and antioxidative capacity toward LDL oxidation. Free Radic Biol Med 1997;23:302-13.

Franceschelli S, Pesce M, Vinciguerra I, Ferrone A, Riccioni G, Patruno A, et al. Licocalchone-C extracted from Glycyrrhiza glabra inhibits lipopolysaccharide-interferon-Î³ inflammation by improving antioxidant conditions and regulating inducible nitric oxide synthase expression. Molecules 2011;16:5720-34.

Kang JS, Yoon YD, Cho IJ, Han MH, Lee CW, Park S, et al. Glabridin, an isoflavan from Licorice root inhibits nitric oxide synthase expression and improve survival of mice in experimental model of septic shock. J Pharm Exp Ther 2004;312:5-33.

Anusuya N, Anusuya S, Manian R, Siddhuraju P, Manian S. Antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity of certain dietary and medicinal plant extracts. Food 2009;3:47-52.

Gupta M, Karmakar N, Sasmal S, Chowdhury S, Biswas S. Free radical scavenging activity of aqueous and alcoholic extracts of Glycyrrhiza glabra Linn. Measured by ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), ABTS bleaching assay (Î±TEAC), DPPH assay and peroxyl radical antioxidant assay. Int J Pharma Toxicol 2016;4:235-40.