PRELIMINARY PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND EVALUATION OF ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF DIFFERENT SOLVENT EXTRACTS OF PLECTRANTHUS BOURNEAE GAMBLE (LAMIACEAE)
Abstract
Objective: The aim was to investigate the antibacterial activity of Plectranthus bourneae Gamble (Lamiaceae) using different solvents.
Methods: Petroleum ether, chloroform, acetone, ethanol and aqueous leaves extracts at different concentration (25, 50, 75, 100 μg/ml) were
evaluated for antibacterial activity using disc diffusion method against some Gram-positive species namely Bacillus subtilis, Clostridium sporogenes,
Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus mitis and Gram-negative species Salmonella typhi, Klebsilla pneumoniae, Entrobactor
aerogenes, Citrobactor freundii, Escherichia coli. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bacterial concentrations (MBC) were
determined by serial dilution method.
Results: The antibacterial activity results of ethanol extract (50 μg/ml) showed maximum zone of inhibition (26 mm) against S. aureus and MIC
value of 0.78 μg/ml and MBC of 1.56 μg/ml whereas aqueous extract was least effective on all the strains. The Gram-positive strains of S. aureus and
S. mutans were found to be the most sensitive and resistance on all the extracts. Except S. typhi, Gram-negative bacteria used were less inhibitory
effect to all the extracts.
Conclusion: The present study concluded that the ethanolic extracts of P. bourneae possess potential antibacterial activities against certain
microorganisms.
Keywords: Plectranthus bourneae, Antibacterial activity, Disc diffusion method, Lamiaceae.
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