PREDICTIVE VALUE OF SERUM INTERLEUKIN 31 IN DIAGNOSIS OF OSTEOPOROSIS IN POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMAN: A NOVEL CASEâ€“CONTROL STUDY FROM IRAQ

Asma Ghalib Abid; Hayfaa Salman Al-hadithi; Faiq I Gorial

doi:10.22159/ajpcr.2018.v11i11.29647

Authors

Asma Ghalib Abid Department of Infertility Treatment and IVF, Kamal Al-Samarai Hospital, Fertility Center, Baghdad, Iraq.
Hayfaa Salman Al-hadithi Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq.
Faiq I Gorial Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2018.v11i11.29647

Keywords:

Serum interleukin 31, Postmenopausal women, Osteoporosis, Aging, Inflammation

Abstract

Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the predictive value of serum level of interleukin 31 (IL31) in diagnosis of osteoporosis (OP) in postmenopausal women.

Methods: This caseâ€“control study was conducted on 80 individuals, 50 of them with postmenopausal OP diagnosed using dual X-ray absorptiometry study, and the other 30 were healthy postmenopausal female controls. Serum level of IL31 was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique in both groups.

Results: The mean age of patients was 65.3Â±4.8 years and controls was 61.1Â±3.9 years. Mean serum IL31 level was significantly higher among postmenopausal patients with OP compared to healthy controls (83.5Â±34.2 vs. 34.9Â±7.3ng/ml, p<0.05). The optimum cutoff value of serum IL31 that can differentiate between patients with OP in postmenopausal women from controls was >44.51 ng/ml with perfect positive predictive value (PPV) (100%), very high accuracy of 92.5%, 88% sensitivity, 100% specificity, and negative predictive value (NPV) 83.3%.

Conclusions: Serum IL31 level was significantly higher in postmenopausal osteoporotic women compared to healthy controls. It was a valid measure with high accuracy and perfect PPV and specificity, high sensitivity, and NPV. It can be used to confirm the diagnosis of OP in postmenopausal women.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Hendrijantini N, Alie R, Setiawati R, Astuti ER, Wardhana MP. Correlation of bone mineral density (BMD), body mass index (BMI) and osteocalcin in postmenopausal women. Biol Med (Aligarh) 2016;8. DOI: 10.4172/0974-8369.

Feng X, McDonald JM. Disorders of bone remodeling. Annu Rev Pathol 2011;6:121-45.

Reginster JY, Burlet N. Osteoporosis: A still increasing prevalence. Bone 2006;38:S4-9.

Gorial FI, Abuaese ND, Hnasaeen NH. Prevalence and associated factors of osteoporosis in post-menopausal Iraqi women: A cross sectional two centers study. Int J Mod Biol Med 2013;3:41-9.

Wu S, Liu Y, Zhang L, Han Y, Lin Y, Deng HW, et al. Genome-wide approaches for identifying genetic risk factors for osteoporosis. Genome Med 2013;5:44.

Weitzmann MN, Pacifici R. T cells: Unexpected players in the bone loss induced by estrogen deficiency and in basal bone homeostasis. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2007;1116:360-75.

McLean RR. Proinflammatory cytokines and osteoporosis. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2009;7:134-9.

David JP, Schett G. TNF and bone. Curr Dir Autoimmun 2010;11:135-44.

Fujii T, Kitaura H, Kimura K, Hakami ZW, Takano-Yamamoto T. IL-4 inhibits TNF-Î±-mediated osteoclast formation by inhibition of RANKL expression in TNF-Î±-activated stromal cells and direct inhibition of TNF-Î±-activated osteoclast precursors via a T-cell-independent mechanism in vivo. Bone 2012;51:771-80.

Saleh H, Eeles D, Hodge JM, Nicholson GC, Gu R, Pompolo S, et al. Interleukin-33, a target of parathyroid hormone and oncostatin m, increases osteoblastic matrix mineral deposition and inhibits osteoclast formation in vitro. Endocrinology 2011;152:1911-22.

Zupan J, Jeras M, Marc J. Osteoimmunology and the influence of pro-inflammatory cytokines on osteoclasts. Biochem Med (Zagreb) 2013;23:43-63.

WHO Scientific Group on the Assessment of Osteoporosis at Primary Health Care Level, Summary Meeting Report. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2004. Available from: http://www.who.int/ chp/topics/Osteoporosis.pdf .

Kumar AV, Joseph AK, Gokul G, Alex MP, Naveena G. Clinical outcome of calcium, Vitamin D3 and physiotherapy in osteoporotic population in the Nilgiris district. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci 2016;8:157-60.

MiraÃ‡i M, Demeti A, Ylli Z, KelliÃ‡i S, Tarifa D. The cost-effectiveness of ibandronate and alendronate for the treatment of osteoporosis in a specialized clinic in Tirana. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci 2015;7:207-11.

Ginaldi L, De Martinis M, Ciccarelli F, Saitta S, Imbesi S, Mannucci C, et al. Increased levels of interleukin 31 (IL-31) in osteoporosis. BMC Immunol 2015;16:60.

Zhang Q, Putheti P, Zhou Q, Liu Q, Gao W. Structures and biological functions of IL-31 and IL-31 receptors. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2008;19:347-56.

Castellani ML, Felaco P, Galzio RJ, Tripodi D, Toniato E, De Lutiis MA, et al. IL-31 a cytokine involved in immunity and inflammation. Int J Immunopathol Pharm 2010;23:709-13.

Kasraie S, Niebuhr M, Werfel T. Interleukin (IL)-31 induces pro-inflammatory cytokines in human monocytes and macrophages following stimulation with staphylococcal exotoxins. Allergy 2010;65:712-21.

Cornelissen C, LÃ¼scher-Firzlaff J, Baron JM, LÃ¼scher B. Signaling by IL-31 and functional consequences. Eur J Cell Biol 2012;91:552-66.

Lencel P, Magne D. Inflammaging: The driving force in osteoporosis? Med Hypotheses 2011;76:317-21.