EFFECTS OF DRUGS IN OPTIMIZING BLOOD PRESSURE AND CARDIAC OUTPUT

Authors

  • SRINIVAS TEJA B
  • KRISHNA SAI V
  • RAGHU RAM V
  • Rama Rao Nadendla

Abstract

In the cardiovascular system the drugs effects the conditions like  Peripheral vascular tone ,Inotropic state of the heart ,Chronotropic state of the heart Clinically these drugs are used in ,Acute ischemic heart disease,Acute and chronic heart failure,Shock (especially cardiogenic),Cardiac arrest. when the drugs that are used during the cardiac treatment may give positive results when given in the correct dosage and gives negative results if there is slight variation in the dose and its frequency.

Keywords: significant effects, cardiac arrest, dose adjustment.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Farmer JB. Indirect sympathomimetic actions of dopamine. J Pharm Pharmacol 1966;18(4):261-2.

Marik PE. Low-dose dopamine in critically ill oliguric patients: The influence of the renin-angiotensin system. Heart Lung 1993;22(2):171‑5.

Yakaitis RW, Otto CW, Blitt CD. Relative importance of alpha and beta adrenergic receptors during resuscitation. Crit Care Med 1979;7(7):293‑6.

Michael JR, Guerci AD, Koehler RC, Shi AY, Tsitlik J, Chandra N, et al. Mechanisms by which epinephrine augments cerebral and myocardial perfusion during cardiopulmonary resuscitation in dogs. Circulation 1984;69(4):822-35.

Ditchey RV, Lindenfeld J. Failure of epinephrine to improve the balance between myocardial oxygen supply and demand during closed-chest resuscitation in dogs. Circulation 1988;78(2):382-9.

Beck C, Leighninger D. Reversal of death in good hearts. J Cardiovasc Surg 1962;3:27-30.

Beck CS, Rand HJ 3rd. Cardiac arrest during anesthesia and surgery. J Am Med Assoc1949;141(17):1230-3.

Gerbode F. The cardiac emergency. Ann Surg 1952;135:431.

Lindner KH, Ahnefeld FW, Bowdler IM. Comparison of different doses of epinephrine on myocardial perfusion and resuscitation success during cardiopulmonary resuscitation in a pig model. Am J Emerg Med 1991;9(1):27-31.

Brown CG, Werman HA, Davis EA, Hamlin R, Hobson J, Ashton JA. Comparative effect of graded doses of epinephrine on regional brain blood flow during CPR in a swine model. Ann Emerg Med 1986;15(10):1138-44.

Otto CW, Yakaitis RW, Blitt CD. Mechanism of action of epinephrine in resuscitation from asphyxial arrest. Crit Care Med 1981;9(4):321-4.

Stiell IG, Hebert PC, Weitzman BN, Wells GA, Raman S, Stark RM, et al. High-dose epinephrine in adult cardiac arrest. N Engl J Med1992;327(15):1045-50.

Callaham M, Madsen CD, Barton CW, Saunders CE, Pointer J. A randomized clinical trial of high-dose epinephrine and norepinephrine vs standard-dose epinephrine in prehospital cardiac arrest. JAMA 1992;268(19):2667-72.

Lindner KH, Ahnefeld FW, Prengel AW. Comparison of standard and high-dose adrenaline in the resuscitation of asystole and electromechanical dissociation. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 1991;35(3):253-6.

Hoekstra JW, Griffith R, Kelley R, Cody RJ, Lewis D, Scheatzle M, et al. Effect of standard-dose versus high-dose epinephrine on myocardial high-energy phosphates during ventricular fibrillation and closed-chest CPR. Ann Emerg Med 1993;22(9):1385-91.

Choux C, Gueugniaud PY, Barbieux A, Pham E, Lae C, Dubien PY, et al. Standard doses versus repeated high doses of epinephrine in cardiac arrest outside the hospital. Resuscitation 1995;29(1):3-9.

Sherman BW, Munger MA, Foulke GE, Rutherford WF, Panacek EA. High-dose versus standard-dose epinephrine treatment of cardiac arrest after failure of standard therapy. Pharmacotherapy 1997;17(2):242-7.

Gueugniaud PY, Mols P, Goldstein P, Pham E, Dubien PY, Deweerdt C, et al. A comparison of repeated high doses and repeated standard doses of epinephrine for cardiac arrest outside the hospital. European Epinephrine Study Group. N Engl J Med 1998;339(22):1595-601.

Rivers EP, Wortsman J, Rady MY, Blake HC, McGeorge FT, Buderer NM. The effect of the total cumulative epinephrine dose administered during human CPR on hemodynamic, oxygen transport, and utilization variables in the postresuscitation period. Chest 1994;106(5):1499-507.

Behringer W, Kittler H, Sterz F, Domanovits H, Schoerkhuber W, Holzer M, et al. Cumulative epinephrine dose during cardiopulmonary resuscitation and neurologic outcome. Ann Intern Med 1998;129(6):450‑6.

Hörnchen U, Lussi C, Schüttler J. Potential risks of high-dose epinephrine for resuscitation from ventricular fibrillation in a porcine model. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 1993;7(2):184-7.

Neumar RW, Bircher NG, Sim KM, Xiao F, Zadach KS, Radovsky A, et al. Epinephrine and sodium bicarbonate during CPR following asphyxial cardiac arrest in rats. Resuscitation 1995;29(3):249-63.

Schmitz B, Fischer M, Bockhorst K, Hoehn-Berlage M, Hossmann KA.Resuscitation from cardiac arrest in cats: influence of epinephrine dosage on brain recovery. Resuscitation 1995;30(3):251-62.

Roberts JR, Greenberg MI, Knaub MA, Kendrick ZV, Baskin SI. Blood levels following intravenous and endotracheal epinephrine administration. JACEP 1979;8(2):53-6.

Aitkenhead AR. Drug administration during CPR: What route? Resuscitation 1991;22:191-5.

Paradis NA, Martin GB, Rivers EP, Goetting MG, Appleton TJ, Feingold M, et al. Coronary perfusion pressure and the return of spontaneous circulation in human cardiopulmonary resuscitation. JAMA 1990;263(8):1106-13.

Cummins RO, LoGerfo JP, Inui TS, Weiss NS. High-yield referral criteria for posttraumatic skull roentgenography. Response of physicians and accuracy of criteria. JAMA 1980;244(7):673-6.

Parmley WW, Chatterjee K, Charuzi Y, Swan HJ. Hemodynamic effects of noninvasive systolic unloading (nitroprusside) and diastolic augmentation (external counterpulsation) in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol 1974;33(7):819-25.

Durrer JD, Lie KI, van Capelle FJ, Durrer D. Effect of sodium nitroprusside on mortality in acute myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 1982;306(19):1121-8.

Cohn JN, Franciosa JA, Francis GS, Archibald D, Tristani F, Fletcher R, et al. Effect of short-term infusion of sodium nitroprusside on mortality rate in acute myocardial infarction complicated by left ventricular failure: Results of a Veterans Administration cooperative study. N Engl J Med 1982;306(19):1129-35.

Lie KI, Durrer JD, van Capelle FJ, Durrer D. Nitroprusside and heart failure complicating acute myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J 1983;4Suppl A:209-10.

Chiariello M, Gold HK, Leinbach RC, Davis MA, Maroko PR. Comparison between the effects of nitroprusside and nitroglycerin on ischemic injury during acute myocardial infarction. Circulation 1976;54(5):766-73.

Yusuf S, Wittes J, Friedman L. Overview of results of randomized clinical trials in heart disease. I. Treatments following myocardial infarction. JAMA 1988;260(14):2088-93.

Lindner KH, Strohmenger HU, Ensinger H, Hetzel WD, Ahnefeld FW, Georgieff M. Stress hormone response during and after cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Anesthesiology 1992;77(4):662-8.

Lindner KH, Haak T, Keller A, Bothner U, Lurie KG. Release of endogenous vasopressors during and after cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Heart 1996;75(2):145-50.

Babar SI, Berg RA, Hilwig RW, Kern KB, Ewy GA. Vasopressin versus epinephrine during cardiopulmonary resuscitation: A randomized swine outcome study. Resuscitation 1999;41(2):185-92.

Strohmenger HU, Lindner KH, Prengel AW, Pfenninger EG, Bothner U, Lurie KG. Effects of epinephrine and vasopressin on median fibrillation frequency and defibrillation success in a porcine model of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Resuscitation 1996;31(1):65-73.

Prengel AW, Lindner KH, Keller A, Lurie KG. Cardiovascular function during the postresuscitation phase after cardiac arrest in pigs: A comparison of epinephrine versus vasopressin. Crit Care Med 1996;24(12):2014-9.

Wenzel V, Lindner KH, Prengel AW, Maier C, Voelckel W, Lurie KG, et al. Vasopressin improves vital organ blood flow after prolonged cardiac arrest with postcountershock pulseless electrical activity in pigs. Crit Care Med 1999;27(3):486-92.

Fox AW, May RE, Mitch WE. Comparison of peptide and nonpeptide receptor-mediated responses in rat tail artery. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 1992;20(2):282-9.

Oyama H, Suzuki Y, Satoh S, Kajita Y, Takayasu M, Shibuya M, et al. Role of nitric oxide in the cerebral vasodilatory responses to vasopressin and oxytocin in dogs. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 1993;13(2):285-90.

Wenzel V, Linder KH, Augenstein S, Prengel AW, Strohmenger HU. Vasopressin combined with epinephrine decreases cerebral perfusion compared with vasopressin alone during cardiopulmonary resuscitation in pigs. Stroke 1998;29(7):1462-7; discussion 1467.

Wenzel V, Lindner KH, Baubin MA, Voelckel WG. Vasopressin decreases endogenous catecholamine plasma concentrations during cardiopulmonary resuscitation in pigs. Crit Care Med 2000;28(4):1096‑100.

Morris DC, Dereczyk BE, Grzybowski M, Martin GB, Rivers EP, Wortsman J, et al. Vasopressin can increase coronary perfusion pressure during human cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Acad Emerg Med 1997;4(9):878-83.

Lindner KH, Prengel AW, Pfenninger EG, Lindner IM, Strohmenger HU, Georgieff M, et al. Vasopressin improves vital organ blood flow during closed-chest cardiopulmonary resuscitation in pigs. Circulation 1995;91(1):215-21.

Wenzel V, Lindner KH, Prengel AW, Lurie KG, Strohmenger HU. Endobronchial vasopressin improves survival during cardiopulmonary resuscitation in pigs. Anesthesiology 1997;86(6):1375-81.

Wenzel V, Lindner KH, Augenstein S. Intraosseous vasopressin improves coronary perfusion pressure rapidly during cardiopulmonary resuscitation in pigs. Crit Care Med1999;27:1565-9.

Voelckel WG, Lindner KH, Wenzel V, Bonatti JO, Krismer AC, Miller EA, et al. Effect of small-dose dopamine on mesenteric blood flow and renal function in a pig model of cardiopulmonary resuscitation with vasopressin. Anesth Analg 1999;89(6):1430-6.

Lindner KH, Prengel AW, Brinkmann A, Strohmenger HU, Lindner IM, Lurie KG. Vasopressin administration in refractory cardiac arrest. Ann Intern Med 1996;124(12):1061-4.

Argenziano M, Chen JM, Cullinane S, Choudhri AF, Rose EA, Smith CR, et al. Arginine vasopressin in the management of vasodilatory hypotension after cardiac transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 1999;18(8):814-7.

Morales DL, Gregg D, Helman DN, Williams MR, Naka Y, Landry DW, et al. Arginine vasopressin in the treatment of 50 patients with postcardiotomyvasodilatory shock. Ann Thorac Surg 2000;69(1):102‑6.

Published

01-03-2015

How to Cite

SRINIVAS TEJA B, KRISHNA SAI V, RAGHU RAM V, and R. Rao Nadendla. “EFFECTS OF DRUGS IN OPTIMIZING BLOOD PRESSURE AND CARDIAC OUTPUT”. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research, vol. 8, no. 2, Mar. 2015, pp. 20-25, https://mail.innovareacademics.in/journals/index.php/ajpcr/article/view/3179.

Issue

Section

Review Article(s)