ROLE OF SUGARS IN SURFACE MICROBE-HOST INTERACTIONS IN GROUP B STREPTOCOCCUS INVASION: Simple sugars and their role in GBS invasion

MANJU O PAI; VENKATESH S; PRATIMA GUPTA; ANURADHA CHAKRABORTI

doi:10.22159/ajpcr.2020.v13i4.35530

Authors

MANJU O PAI Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
VENKATESH S Department of Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India.
PRATIMA GUPTA Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India.
ANURADHA CHAKRABORTI Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2020.v13i4.35530

Keywords:

Group B Streptococcus, Invasion, Oligosaccharide, Blood-brain barrier

Abstract

Objective: Metabolic sources for food play a very important role in developing a niche for a microbe to invade and cause infection in the host. The influence of various sugars on invasion of Streptococcus agalactiae or Group B streptococcus (GBS) into HeLa and A549 cells in vitro were evaluated.

Methods: The cell lines and the bacteria were pretreated separately with different sugars before invasion. These observations were also corroborated with light microscopy.

Results: Our results showed that the maximum GBS invasion observed at 2h, decreased significantly (p<0.05) when the cells were pretreated with N-acetyl galactosamine (GlcNAc), D-xylose, sucrose, lactose, D-mannose, and D-glucose. In contrast, mannitol was seen to support the invasion of GBS. In addition, when a combined effect of GlcNAc and xylose was studied, 87.5%–91% inhibition to GBS invasion was observed in HeLa and A549 cell lines, respectively. A sizeable reduction in invasion was observed when the bacteria were pretreated with 10 mM of D-Glucose (79.32%), GlcNAc (69.66%), and mannose (48.28%). In conclusion, GlcNAc, D-xylose, and D-glucose proved to be excellent inhibitors to GBS invasion. Furthermore, bacterial pretreatment results might indicate that these sugar specific receptors might be present on the epithelial cells which possibly gets blocked and thus inhibits the entry of GBS.

Conclusion: These findings are the first to suggest the role of these sugars as a way to alternative therapies to GBS infection by altering the host-pathogen environment during invasion.

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