PHARMACOGNOSTIC AND PHYTOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATION OF AILANTHUS EXCELSA ROXB. BARK

RASIKA D BHALKE; MAHENDRA A GIRI

doi:10.22159/ajpcr.2020.v13i3.36409

Authors

RASIKA D BHALKE Department of Pharmacognosy, Sanjivani College of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Kopargaon, Maharashtra, India.
MAHENDRA A GIRI Department of Pharmacognosy, Sanjivani College of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Kopargaon, Maharashtra, India.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2020.v13i3.36409

Keywords:

Pharmacognostic study, Phytochemical investigation, Ailanthus excelsa Roxb

Abstract

Objective: The present investigation aims at detail pharmacognostic study of the bark of Ailanthus excelsa Roxb. (BAE). A. excelsa is an important plant in Indian system of medicine belonging to the family Simaroubaceae.

Methods: BAE was studied for various pharmacognostic evaluation parameters such as examination of morphological and microscopic characters and physicochemical evaluation. The total phenolic content was determined using Folin–Ciocalteu reagent spectrophotometrically and calculated as gallic acid equivalent (GAE/g).

Results: The morphological studies revealed that BAE is yellowish-brown in color with a smooth texture and characteristic odor. Microscopical studies indicated the presence of cork, cortex with a group of stone cells in BAE with secondary phloem region. Prismatic and acicular raphides calcium oxalate crystals were observed. The total ash value of BAE was found to be 8.95%. Bark powder was successively extracted in Soxhlet extractor using solvents from low polarity to high polarity such as petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and methanol. Alkaloids, glycosides, tannins, triterpenoids, carbohydrates, and flavonoids are present when the preliminary phytochemical investigation was done. The total phenolic content in BAE was found to be 9.95 mg GAE/g.

Conclusion: The results obtained from the study provide information for proper identification and standardization of plant.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biography

RASIKA D BHALKE, Department of Pharmacognosy, Sanjivani College of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Kopargaon, Maharashtra, India.

DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACOGNOSY

References

Anonymous. The Wealth of India, Raw Materials. New Delhi: Publication and Information Directorate; 1985. p. 116-8.

Chopra RN, Chopra IC, Handa KL, Kapur LD. Chopras Indigenous Drugs of India. 2nd ed. Kolkata: United Nations, Dharand Sons Private Ltd.; 1958. p. 408.

Central Council for Research in Ayurveda and Siddha. Database, Medicinal Plants Used In Ayurveda. New Delhi, India: Central Council for Research in Ayurveda and Siddha; 2000. p. 50-9.

Kirtikar KR, Basu BD. Indian Medicinal Plants. Vol. 1. Dehradun, India: International Book Distributors; 1995. p. 371-2.

Khan SA, Shamsuddin KM. Quassinoids from Ailanthus excelsa. Indian J Chem 1978;16B:1045-6.

Khan SA, Shamsuddin KM. Isolation and structure of 13 18-dehydroexcelsin, a quassinoid and glaucarubol from Ailanthus excelsa. Phytochemistry 1980;19:2484-5.

Khan SA, Zuberi SS. Isolation and structure of excelsin a new quassinoid from Ailanthus excelsa. Indian J Chem 1980;19B:183-184.

Mondal AK, Mandal S. Biochemical and clinical studies of Ailanthus excelsa Roxb. Pollen with reference to its dispersal. Bangladesh J Bot 1997;26:115-20.

Kumar D, Bhat ZA, Singh P, Shah MY, Bhujbal SS. Ailanthus excelsa Roxb. Is really a plant of heaven. Int J Pharmacol 2010;6:535-50.

Brain KR, Turner TD. The Practical Evaluation of Phytopharmaceuticals. Bristol: Wright-Scientechnica; 1975. p. 4-9.

Kokate CK. Practical Pharmacognosy. 1st ed. New Delhi: Vallabh Prakashan; 1994. p. 15-30.

Khandelwal KR. Practical Pharmacognosy. 18th ed. Pune: Nirali Publication; 2007. p. 10-4.

Government of India. Indian Pharmacopeia. 4th ed. New Delhi: Ministry of Health and Welfare, Controller of Publications; 1996. p. A53-4.

Government of India. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. 1st ed. New Delhi: Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Department of Indian Systems of Medicines and Homeopathy; 1996. p. A53-5.

World Health Organization. Quality Control for Medicinal Plant Material. New Delhi: AITBS Publishers; 1998. p. 46-7.

World Health Organization. Quality Control for Medicinal Plant Material. Geneva: World Health Organization; 1992. p. 22-34.

Rabinarayan A, Switu J, Harisha CR, Vinay S. Pharmacognostical and phytochemical analysis on leaves of Homalium ceylanicum (Gardn.) Benth. Pharmacogn J 2018;10:272-5.

Tang GQ, Lin XJ, Lai XD, Gong X, Ji SG. Pharmacognostic studies of Psychotria rubra (Lour.) Poir. Pharmacogn J 2018;10:249-5.

Roy P, Mandal P, Panda S, Mitra S, Subba A. Pharmacognosy and phytochemical screening of some plant derived medicine to treat dysmenorrheal pain by the Rajbanshi community. Pharmacogn J 2018;10:738-46.

Mandal AK, Shakila R, Divya KG, Rubeena M, Kumar KN, Sathiyarajeswaran P. Pharmacognostical-physicochemical evaluation and development of HPTLC finger print for Cichorium intybus L. Fruits. Pharmacogn J 2018;10:694-9.

Bhalke RD, Pal SC. Pharmacognostic and preliminary phytochemical investigations on Pterospermum acerifolium wood. Int J Pharm Bio Sci 2012;3:1-8.

Singleton VL, Orthofer R, Lamuela-Raventos RM. Analysis of total phenols and other oxidation substrates and antioxidants by means of folin-ciocalteu reagent. Methods Enzymol 1999;299:152-78.

Sembiring EN, Elya B, Sauriasari R. Phytochemical screening, total flavonoid and total phenolic content, and antioxidant activity of different parts of Caesalpinia bonduc (L.) Roxb. Pharmacogn J 2018;10:123-7.

Gogoi N, Bhuyan B, Deka T. Pharmacognostic standardization preliminary phytochemical screening and TLC fingerprinting of the bark of Cascabela thevetia. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci 2019;11:125-130.

Naik R, Harisha CR, Acharya R. A comparative pharmacognostical evaluation of three botanical source plants of Jivanti. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci 2018;10:61-6.