WATER EXTRACTS FROM THE COMBINATION OF COCCINIA GRANDIS (L.) VOIGT LEAVES AND AVERRHOA BILIMBI L. FRUITS WITH ANTIDIABETIC PROPERTIES: AN IN VITRO STUDY
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2020.v13i4.36732Keywords:
Coccinia grandis (L) Voigt, Averrhoa bilimbi L, Healthy beverages, AntidiabeticAbstract
Objective: The combination of two or more plants in a product can improve the nature of the activity of the compounds contained and reduce toxicity. This study was aimed to make water extracts from the combination of Coccinia grandis (L.) CG Voigt and Averrhoa bilimbi L. (AB) with antidiabetic properties.
Methods: The water extracts were made by decocting the combination of powdered CG Voigt leaves and AB fruits at various mass ratios (1:0, 1:3, 1:1, 3:1, and 0:1) and various amounts of powdered samples (1–5 g). The process was done in 100 ml of boiling water for 5 min.
Results: The results showed that the highest total flavonoid content and total phenolic content of 135.1±0.18 mg quercetin equivalent micrograms d.m. and 48.5±3.09 mg gallic acid equivalent/g d.m., respectively, were found in the sample with a combination ratio of 1:3 (1 g). The antioxidant activity test using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl method showed that the sample with a combination ratio of 3:1 had the lowest value of IC50 (4.447±0.446 mg/ml), which indicated the strongest radical scavenging activity, while the highest inhibition of α-amylase activity in the sample with a combination ratio of 1:1 amounted to 1.086±0.264 mg/ml.
Conclusion: In general, all combinations of CG Voigt leaves and AB fruits had the potential as antidiabetic health beverages.
Downloads
References
Upadhyay J, Polyzos SA, Perakakis N, Thakkar B, Paschou SA, Katsiki N, et al. Pharmacotherapy of Type 2 diabetes: An update. Metabolism 2018;78:13-42.
Assaad Khalil SH, Megallaa MH, Rohoma KH, Ismael H, AbouSeif M, Kharboush I, et al. Prevalence of Type 2 diabetes mellitus in a sample of the adult population of Alexandria, Egypt. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2018;144:63-73.
Gómez-Huelgas R, Gómez Peralta F, Rodríguez Mañas L, Formiga F, Puig Domingo M, Mediavilla Bravo JJ, et al. Treatment of Type 2 diabetes mellitus in elderly patients. Rev Clin Esp 2018;218:74-88.
Arumugam G, Manjula P, Paari N. A review: Anti diabetic medicinal plants used for diabetes mellitus. J Acute Dis 2013;2:196-200.
Attanayake AP, Jayatilaka KA, Pathirana C, Mudduwa LK.Antihyperglycemic activity of Coccinia grandis (L.) Voigt in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Indian J Tradit Knowl 2015;14:376-81.
Waisundara VY, Watawana MI, Jayawardena N. Costus speciosus and Coccinia grandis: Traditional medicinal remedies for diabetes. S Afr J Bot 2015;98:1-5.
Mohammed SI, Chopda MZ, Patil RH, Vishwakarma KS, Maheshwari VL. In vivo antidiabetic and antioxidant activities of Coccinia grandis leaf extract against streptozotocin induced diabetes in experimental rats. Asian Pac J Trop Dis 2016;6:298-304.
Rodrigues MJ, Oliveira M, Neves V, Ovelheiro A, Pereira CA, Neng NR, et al. Coupling sea lavender (Limonium algarvense Erben) and green tea (Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze) to produce an innovative herbal beverage with enhanced enzymatic inhibitory properties. S Afr J Bot 2019;120:87-94.
Anggraini T, Febrianti F, Aisman, Ismanto SD. Black tea with Averrhoa bilimbi L extract: A healthy beverage. Agric Agric Sci Procedia 2016;9:241-52.
Khanam Z, Sam KH, Zakaria NH, Ching CH, Bhat IU. Determination of polyphenolic content, HPLC analyses and DNA cleavage activity of Malaysian Averrhoa carambola L. fruit extracts. J King Saud Univ Sci 2015;27:331-7.
Kurup SB, Mini S. Averrhoa bilimbi fruits attenuate hyperglycemia-mediated oxidative stress in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J Food Drug Anal 2017;25:360-8.
Attanayake AP, Jayatilaka KA, Mudduwa LK, Pathirana C. In vivo antihyperlipidemic, antioxidative effects of Coccinia grandis (L.) Voigt (Cucurbitaceae) leaf extract: An approach to scrutinize the therapeutic benefits of traditional Sri Lankan medicines against diabetic complications. Int J Pharm Sci Res 2016;7:3949-58.
Bi W, Shen J, Gao Y, He C, Peng Y, Xiao P. Ku-jin tea (Acer tataricum subsp. ginnala or A. tataricum subsp. theiferum), an underestimated functional beverage rich in antioxidant phenolics. J Funct Foods 2016;24:75-84.
Neagu E, Radu GL, Albu C, Paun G. Antioxidant activity, acetylcholinesterase and tyrosinase inhibitory potential of Pulmonaria officinalis and Centarium umbellatum extracts. Saudi J Biol Sci 2018;25:578-85.
Aryal S, Baniya MK, Danekhu K, Kunwar P, Gurung R, Koirala N. Total phenolic content, flavonoid content and antioxidant potential of wild vegetables from Western Nepal. Plants (Basel) 2019;8:1-12.
Subedi L, Timalsena S, Duwadi P, Thapa R, Paudel A, Parajuli K. Antioxidant activity and phenol and flavonoid contents of eight medicinal plants from Western Nepal. J Tradit Chin Med 2014;34:584-90.
Muhamad N, Muhmed SA, Yusoff MM, Gimbun J. Influence of solvent polarity and conditions on extraction of antioxidant, flavonoids and phenolic content from Averrhoa bilimbi. J Food Sci Eng 2014;4:255-60.
Dai J, Mumper RJ. Plant phenolics: Extraction, analysis and their antioxidant and anticancer properties. Molecules 2010;15:7313-52.
Do QD, Angkawijaya AE, Tran-Nguyen PL, Huynh LH, Soetaredjo FE, Ismadji S, et al. Effect of extraction solvent on total phenol content, total flavonoid content, and antioxidant activity of Limnophila aromatica. J Food Drug Anal 2014;22:296-302.
Chanda S, Rakholiya K, Dholakia K, Baravalia Y. Antimicrobial, antioxidant, and synergistic properties of two nutraceutical plants: Terminalia catappa L. and Colocasia esculenta L. Turk J Biol 2013;37:81-91.
Maizura M, Aminah A, Wan Aida WM. Total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of kesum (Polygonum minus), ginger (Zingiber officinale) and turmeric (Curcuma longa) extract. 2011;534:529-34.
Rompas DE, Runtuwene MR, Koleangan HS. Analisis kandungan fitokimia dan uji aktivitas antioksidan dari tanaman lire (Hemigraphis repanda (L) Hall F.). J MIPA Unsrat Online 2015;5:36-9.
Kusbandari A, Prasetyo DY, Susanti H. Penetapan kadar fenolik total dan aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak etanol daun kopi kawa dengan metode DPPH. Media Farm 2018;15:72-80.
Tuyen PT, Khang DT, Minh LT, Minh TN, Thu Ha PT, Elzaawely AA, et al. Phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of Castanopsis phuthoensis and Castanopsis grandicicatricata. Int Lett Nat Sci 2016;55:77-87.
Loganathan K, Bai VN. High frequency in vitro plantlet regeneration and antioxidant activity of Enicostema axillare (Lam.) Raynal ssp. littoralis (Blume) Raynal: An important medicinal plant. Asian Pac J Reprod 2014;3:241-8.
Jain DP, Pancholi SS, Patel R. Synergistic antioxidant activity of green tea with some herbs. J Adv Pharm Technol Res 2011;2:177-83.
Rahman MM, Habib MR, Hasan MA, Al Amin M, Saha A, Mannan A. Comparative assessment on in vitro antioxidant activities of ethanol extracts of Averrhoa bilimbi, Gymnema sylvestre and Capsicum frutescens. Pharmacogn Res 2014;6:36-41.
Rodrigues MJ, Soszynski A, Martins A, Rauter AP, Neng NR, Nogueira JM, et al. Unravelling the antioxidant potential and the phenolic composition of different anatomical organs of the marine halophyte Limonium algarvense. Ind Crops Prod 2015;77:315-22.
Ranjbar Nedamani E, Sadeghi Mahoonak A, Ghorbani M, Kashaninejad M. Evaluation of antioxidant interactions in combined extracts of green tea (Camellia sinensis), rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) and oak fruit (Quercus branti). J Food Sci Technol 2015;52:4565-71.
Kazeem MI, Adamson JO, Ogunwande IA. Modes of inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase by aqueous extract of Morinda lucida Benth leaf. Biomed Res Int 2013;2013:527570.
Baessa M, Rodrigues MJ, Pereira C, Santos T, da Rosa Neng N, Nogueira JM, et al. A comparative study of the in vitro enzyme inhibitory and antioxidant activities of Butea monosperma (Lam.) Taub. and Sesbania grandiflora (L.) Poiret from Pakistan: New sources of natural products for public health problems. S Afr J Bot 2019;120:146-56.
Jemaa HB, Jemia AB, Khlifi S, Ahmed HB, Slama FB, Benzarti A, et al. Antioxidant activity and a-amylase inhibitory potential of Rosa canina L. Afr J Tradit Complement Altern Med 2017;14:1-8.
Punnagai K, Josephine GI. Alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase inhibitory effects of Calliandra haematocephala and its potential role in diabetes mellitus. Asian J Pharm Clin Res 2018;11:429-32.
Chowdhury SS, Uddin GM, Mumtahana N, Hossain M, Hasan SM. In-vitro antioxidant and cytotoxic of hydromethanolic extract of Averrhoa bilimbi L. fruits. Int J Pharm Sci Res 2012;3:2263-8.
Meenatchi P, Purushothaman A, Maneemegalai S. Antioxidant, antiglycation and insulinotrophic properties of Coccinia grandis in vitro: Possible role in prevention of diabetic complications. J Tradit Complement Med 2017;7:54-64.
Sahgal G, Ramanathan S, Sasidharan S, Mordi MN, Ismail S, Mansor SM. Brine shrimp lethality and acute oral toxicity studies on Swietenia mahagoni (Linn.) Jacq. seed methanolic extract. Pharmacogn Res 2010;2:215-20.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
The publication is licensed under CC By and is open access. Copyright is with author and allowed to retain publishing rights without restrictions.
