RISK FACTORS FOR NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASES AMONG RURAL ADOLESCENTS: A SCHOOL-BASED CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

Authors

  • Maria Frances Bukelo Lecturer, Department of Pathology, St. John's Medical College, Bangalore – 560034
  • Deepthi Kiran Assistant Professor, Department of Community Medicine, ESIC MC PGIMSR, Rajajinagar, Bangalore – 560010.
  • B. Ramakrishna Goud Additional Professor, Department of Community Health, St. John's Medical College, Bangalore – 560034
  • Mario Joseph Bukelo Senior Resident, Department of Pediatrics, Fr. Muller Medical College, Mangalore - 575002
  • Pretesh Rohan Kiran Assistant Professor, Department of Community Health, St. John's Medical College, Bangalore – 560034
  • Vaman Kulkarni Assistant Professor, Department of Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College (A constituent college of Manipal University), Mangalore-575001
  • Nithin Kumar Associate Professor, Department of Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College (A constituent college of Manipal University), Mangalore-575001
  • Tanuj Kanchan KMC, Mangalore, MANIPAL UNIVERSITY
  • Bhaskaran Unnikrishnan Professor and Head, Department of Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College (A constituent college of Manipal University), Mangalore-575001

Abstract

 

Objective: Non-communicable diseases (NCD) in recent times have attained a magnitude of epidemic proportion, with increasing number of
adolescence being reported as obese. The risk factors for NCD such as obesity, sedentary lifestyle, smoking, dietary habits, etc. are inculcated during
adolescence and continue to exist in adult life there by increasing the risk for hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. To assess the
prevalence of risk factors for NCD among adolescents of a high school in rural Karnataka.
Methods: In a school-based cross-sectional study 297 adolescents belonging to classes 8, 9 and 10 were assessed for the presence of risk factors
for NCD using pretested questionnaire modified from NCD Risk Factor Survey Questionnaire, WHO-STEPS Questionnaire and Integrated Disease
Surveillance Project Questionnaire.
Results: The participants were aged between 12 and 17 years; mean age of the participants being 14.3 years. More than half (n=158, 53.2%) of the
participants were boys, and a higher proportion (n=119, 40%) belonged to low socio-economic status class 5 according to B.G Prasad Scale. Based on
International Physical Activity Questionnaire scoring protocol, 30.3% (n=90) participants were minimally active. The family history of hypertension
and diabetes was seen among 55 (18.5%) and 28 (9.5%) of the participants respectively. Based on CDC 2000 standards 7 (2.4%) of the participants
were overweight. The proportion of participants who were classified as having prehypertension, Stage I and Stage II hypertension was 20 (6.7%),
16 (5.4%) and 1 (0.3%) respectively. Inadequate intake of fruits and vegetables was seen in 235 (80.1%) and inappropriate dietary intake (fried foods,
salted items more than 3 times/week) was seen in 166 (55.9%) of the participants.
Conclusion: Several risk factors, both modifiable and non-modifiable are prevalent among the adolescents. Early detection of the risk factors and
timely interventions are essential to reduce the burden of NCDs in future. Simple measures such as health education, nutritional education, and
lifestyle modifications could go a long way in reducing the morbidity and mortality associated with NCD.
Keywords: Adolescents, Non-communicable diseases, Risk factors, South India.

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Author Biographies

Maria Frances Bukelo, Lecturer, Department of Pathology, St. John's Medical College, Bangalore – 560034

Lecturer, Department of Pathology, St. John's Medical College, Bangalore – 560034

Deepthi Kiran, Assistant Professor, Department of Community Medicine, ESIC MC PGIMSR, Rajajinagar, Bangalore – 560010.

Assistant Professor, Department of Community Medicine, ESIC MC PGIMSR, Rajajinagar, Bangalore – 560010.

B. Ramakrishna Goud, Additional Professor, Department of Community Health, St. John's Medical College, Bangalore – 560034

Additional Professor, Department of Community Health, St. John's Medical College, Bangalore – 560034

Mario Joseph Bukelo, Senior Resident, Department of Pediatrics, Fr. Muller Medical College, Mangalore - 575002

Senior Resident, Department of Pediatrics, Fr. Muller Medical College, Mangalore - 575002

Pretesh Rohan Kiran, Assistant Professor, Department of Community Health, St. John's Medical College, Bangalore – 560034

Assistant Professor, Department of Community Health, St. John's Medical College, Bangalore – 560034

Vaman Kulkarni, Assistant Professor, Department of Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College (A constituent college of Manipal University), Mangalore-575001

Assistant Professor, Department of Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College (A constituent college of Manipal University), Mangalore-575001

Nithin Kumar, Associate Professor, Department of Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College (A constituent college of Manipal University), Mangalore-575001

Associate Professor, Department of Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College (A constituent college of Manipal University), Mangalore-575001

Tanuj Kanchan, KMC, Mangalore, MANIPAL UNIVERSITY

Associate Professor, Forensic Medicine

Bhaskaran Unnikrishnan, Professor and Head, Department of Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College (A constituent college of Manipal University), Mangalore-575001

Professor and Head, Department of Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College (A constituent college of Manipal University), Mangalore-575001

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Published

01-03-2015

How to Cite

Bukelo, M. F., D. Kiran, B. R. Goud, M. J. Bukelo, P. R. Kiran, V. Kulkarni, N. Kumar, T. Kanchan, and B. Unnikrishnan. “RISK FACTORS FOR NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASES AMONG RURAL ADOLESCENTS: A SCHOOL-BASED CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY”. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research, vol. 8, no. 2, Mar. 2015, pp. 284-7, https://mail.innovareacademics.in/journals/index.php/ajpcr/article/view/4225.

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