A STUDY OF CLINICAL AND ECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC PROFILE IN PATIENTS OF DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2022.v15i8.44858Keywords:
Dilated Cardiomyopathy (DCM), Ejection Fraction (EF), Fractional Shortening (FS)Abstract
Objective: Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is the third most common cause of heart failure (HF) and is the most common cardiomyopathy. The present study was undertaken with the aim to study the different clinical presentations of dilated cardiomyopathy, to correlate echocardiography findings with different clinical presentations and to find out the variables which determine the poor outcomes.
Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted in the Department of General Medicine of MKCG Medical College and Hospital, Berhampur, Odisha, India from November 2019 to November 2021. Fifty cases of dilated cardiomyopathy (28 males & 22 females), diagnosed on clinical and echocardiography criteria in the Department of General Medicine and Cardiology were selected for the study.
Results: Out of 50 cases, there were 28(56%) males and 22(44%) females giving male to female ratio 1.27:1. Forty (80%) were idiopathic. Dyspnea was most common presenting clinical feature in 43(86%) cases. In echo study, maximum number of cases (n=21, 42%) were having ejection fraction (EF) in the range of 36-40% and maximum number of cases (n=26, 52%) had severe fractional shortening (FS).
Conclusion: DCM is one of the commonest causes of heart failure and is most common type of cardiomyopathy found in middle aged and elderly male population. Biventricular failure followed by left ventricular failure was the most frequent clinical presentation. Early identification and treatment are very essential to improve cardiac function and alleviate patient symptomology.
Downloads
References
Mahamaljy H, Yelamanchili VS, Singhal M. Dilated Cardiomyopathy. Treasure Island, FL: StatPearls; 2022.
Anderson KM, Kannel WB. Prevalence of congestive heart failure in Framingham Heart study subjects. Circulation 1994;13:S107-12.
Orphanou N, Papatheodorou E, Anastasakis A. Dilated cardiomyopathy in the era of precision medicine: Latest concepts and developments. Heart Fail Rev 2022;27:1173-91. doi: 10.1007/s10741-021-10139-0, PMID 34263412.
Codd MB, Sugrue DD, Gersh BJ, Melton LJ. Epidemiology of idiopathic dilated and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: Apopulationbased study in Olmsted county, Minnesota. Circulation 1989;80:564-72. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.80.3.564, PMID 2766509.
Singh G, Nayyar SB, Bal BS, Arora P, Arora JS. Clinical profile of dilated cardiomyopathy a study of 138 cases. JAPI 2002;50:1556.
Ahmad S, Rabbani M, Zaheer M, Shirazi N. Clinical ECG and Echocardiographic profile of patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. Indian J Cardiol 2005;8:25-9.
Canata A, Fabris E, Merlo M, Artico J, Gentile P, Loco CP, Ballaben A. Sex differences in long term prognosis of dilated cardiomyopathy. Can J Cardiol 2020;36:37-44.
Dudharejia PJ, Nandania SM. Clinica Profile of Patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM): A study of 50 cases. J Res Med Dent Sci 2016;4:257-9.
Dec GW, Fuster V. Idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. N Engl J Med 1994;331:1564-75. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199412083312307, PMID 7969328.
Routray SN, Behera M, Mishra TK. Clinical profile and long term followup of patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. JAPI 2002;50: 1495-6.
Rami AH, Lucian M, Dana P, Dumitru Z. Characteristics of syncope in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. Indian Heart J 2016;68 Suppl 1:S29-35. doi: 10.1016/j.ihj.2015.09.025, PMID 27056650.
Komajda M, Jais JP, Reeves F, Goldfarb B, Bouhour JB, Juillieres Y, et al. Factors predicting mortality in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. Eur Heart J 1990;11:824-31. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.eurheartj. a059803, PMID 2226508.
Olshausen KV, Witt T, Pop T, Treese N, Bethge KP, Meyer J. Sudden cardiac death while wearing a Holter monitor. Am J Cardiol 1991;67:381-6. doi: 10.1016/0002-9149(91)90046-n, PMID 1994662.
Gentile P, Merlo M, Cannatà A, Gobbo M, Artico J, Stolfo D, et al. Dilated cardiomyopathy with mid-range ejection fraction at diagnosis: Characterization and natural history. J Am Heart Assoc 2019;8:e010705. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.118.010705, PMID 31431100.
Rossi A, Dini FL, Faggiano P, Agricola E, Cicoira M, Frattini S, et al. Independent prognostic value of functional mitral regurgitation in patients with heart failure. A quantitative analysis of 1256 patients with ischemic and nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy. Heart 2011;97:1675-80.
Puwanant S, Priester TC, Mookadam F, Bruce CJ, Redfield MM, Chandrasekaran K. Right ventricular function in patients with preserved and reduced ejection fraction heart failure. Eur J Echocardiogr 2009;10:733-7. doi: 10.1093/ejechocard/jep052, PMID 19443468.
Vasan RS, Larson MG, Benjamin EJ, Evans JC, Levy D. Left ventricular dilatation and the risk of congestive heart failure in people without myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 1997;336:1350-5. doi: 10.1056/ NEJM199705083361903, PMID 9134875.
Unverferth DV, Magorien RD, Moeschberger ML, Baker PB, Fetters JK, Leier CV. Factors influencing the one-year mortality of dilated cardiomyopathy. Am J Cardiol 1984;54:147-52. doi: 10.1016/0002- 9149(84)90320-5, PMID 6741806.
Hagar A, Pu XB, Chen SJ, Shah JP, Chen M. Clinical characteristics, treatment and prognosis of patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy: A tertiary center experience. J Geriatr Cardiol 2019;16:320-8. doi: 10.11909/j.issn.1671-5411.2019.04.004, PMID 31105752.
Thapa RK, Kanchan KC, Khatri R, Khatri D, Deo RK, Shah D. An echocardiographic evaluation of dilated cardiomyopathy in a tertiary Care Hospital. J Nepal Med Assoc 2019;57:33-6. doi: 10.31729/ jnma.3992, PMID 31080243.
Zoccali C, Benedetto FA, Mallamaci F, Tripepi G, Giacone G, Cataliotti A, et al. Prognostic value of echocardiographic indicators of left ventricular systolic function in asymptomatic dialysis patients. J Am Soc Nephrol 2004;15:1029-37. doi: 10.1097/01. asn.0000117977.14912.91, PMID 15034106.
Srinivasan A, Kim J, Khalique O, Geevarghese A, Rusli M, Shah T, et al. Echocardiographic linear fractional shortening for quantification of right ventricular systolic function a cardiac magnetic resonance validation study. Echocardiography 2017;34:348-58. doi: 10.1111/ echo.13438, PMID 28247463.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Copyright (c) 2022 Dr.Bijaya Kumar Behera, Dr.M. Radha Krishna Naik, Dr. Siba Narayan Jali, Dr. Susmita Tripathy, Dr. Nisarg Behera
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The publication is licensed under CC By and is open access. Copyright is with author and allowed to retain publishing rights without restrictions.
