EVALUATION OF CLINICAL, ETIOLOGICAL AND EEG PROFILE OF NEONATAL SEIZURE

Authors

  • SWATI SARAL Department of Pediatrics, AIIMS, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India.
  • DEEPAK KUMAR PATEL Department of Pediatrics, CIMS, Chhindwara, Madhya Pradesh, India.
  • ROOPA AGRAWAL Department of Pediatrics, BMC, Sagar, Madhya Pradesh, India.
  • SURJEET SINGH RAJPOOT Department of , Hajela Hospital, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2023.v16i4.47866

Keywords:

Neonatal seizure, Electroencephalography profile, Electroencephalography, Term and preterm neonates

Abstract

Objective: Neonatal seizure is a paroxysmal behavior caused by hyper-synchronous discharge of a group of neurons. Neonatal seizures are the most common overt manifestation of neurological dysfunction in the newborn. The electroencephalography (EEG) is an important tool in the evaluation of an infant with symptoms referable to the central nervous system. It provides an excellent and non-invasive method of assessing at risk newborns and of formulating a prognosis for long-term neurological outcome. Hence, this study was planned to evaluate clinical, etiological, and EEG profile of neonatal seizure and its corelation with developmental outcome.

Methods: Prospective observational study was done among 71 cases of neonatal seizures patients admitted in Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Medical College hospital from November 2014 to October 2015. All consecutive term and preterm neonates with documented seizure who were discharge from neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) with proper consent and counseling of parents were included in this study.

Results: Total 71 newborns were enrolled, out of them 21% (n=15) were admitted within 24 h of birth, 42% (n=30) were admitted within 24–72 h, and 37% (n=26) newborn admitted at >72 h of birth. Total number of male included were 56% (n=40), while female were 44% (n=31). Out of 71 newborn, 60 newborn (84%) had subtle seizure, 4 (6%) had tonic seizures, 2 (3%) clonic seizure, and 5 (7%) had subtle with clonic seizure. In our study, most common causes of seizure were birth asphyxia 50% (n=36), meningitis 15% (n=11), and hypoglycemia 13% (n=9). Other common cause are hypocalcemia 8.5% (n=6), kernicterus 2.8% (n=2), and intraventricular hemorrhage 1.5% (n=1).

Conclusion: In our study, we have found that preterm babies appear to have adverse neurodevelopmental outcome due to any brain insult occurred during neonatal period. Onset of seizure was found to be important predicting factor for developmental outcome. Frequency of seizure also has impact on developmental outcome, newborns who have single episode of seizure had good developmental outcome.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Cloherty JP, Eichenwald EC, Hansen AR, Stark AR. Neonatal Seizures in Manual of Cloherty. 7th ed., Ch. 56. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. p. 729-42.

Panayiotopoulos CP. The Epilepsies-Seizure, Syndrome and Management. Ch. 5. Germany: Springer; 2005. p. 118-29.

Aminoff MJ. Neonatal and Pediatric EEG. Electrodiagnosis in Clinical Neurology. 5th ed., Ch. 4. Netherlands: Elsevier; p. 86-93.

Mwaniki M, Mathenge A, Gwer S, Mturi N, Bauni E, Newton CR, et al. Neonatal seizures in a rural Kenyan district hospital: Aetiology, Incidence and outcome of hospitalization. BMC Med 2010;8:16. doi: 10.1186/1741-7015-8-16, PMID 20236524

Mizrahi EM, Kellaway P. Diagnosis and Management of Neonatal Seizures. Hagerstown: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 1999.

Pisani F, Sisti L, Seri S. A scoring system for early prognostic assessment after neonatal seizures. Pediatrics 2009;124:e580-7.

Robertson CM, Finer NN. Long-term follow-up of term neonates with perinatal asphyxia. Clin Perinatol 1993;20:483-500. doi: 10.1016/ S0095-5108(18)30405-6, PMID 7689432

Chandra S, Ramji S, Thirupuram S. Perinatal asphyxia: Multivariate analysis of risk factors in hospital births. Indian Pediatr 1997;34:206-12. PMID 9282487

McGowan JE, Alderdice FA, Holmes VA, Johnston L. Early childhood development of late-preterm infants: A systematic review. Pediatrics 2011;127:1111-24.

Saliba RM, Annegers FJ, Waller DK, Tyson JE, Mizrahi EM. Risk factors for neonatal seizures: A population-based study, Harris County, Texas, 1992-1994. Am J Epidemiol 2001;154:14-20. doi: 10.1093/ aje/154.1.14, PMID 11427400

Sheth RD, Hobbs GR, Mullett M. Neonatal seizures: Incidence, onset, and etiology by gestational age. J Perinatol 1999;19:40-3. doi: 10.1038/ sj.jp.7200107, PMID 10685200

Digra SK, Gupta A. Prevalence of seizures in hospitalized neonates. J Med Educ Res 2007;9:27-9.

Iype M, Prasad M, Nair PM, Geetha S, Kailas L. The newborn with seizures -- a follow-up study. Indian Pediatr 2008;45:749-52. PMID 18820381

Published

07-04-2023

How to Cite

SARAL, S., D. K. PATEL, R. AGRAWAL, and S. S. RAJPOOT. “EVALUATION OF CLINICAL, ETIOLOGICAL AND EEG PROFILE OF NEONATAL SEIZURE”. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research, vol. 16, no. 4, Apr. 2023, pp. 174-7, doi:10.22159/ajpcr.2023.v16i4.47866.

Issue

Section

Original Article(s)