ETIOLOGY AND CLINICAL SPECTRUM OF ANTERIOR UVEITIS IN A TERTIARY EYE CARE HOSPITAL FROM EASTERN INDIA: A PROSPECTIVE INTERVENTIONAL STUDY

ANITA MISRA; PRANATI CHAUDHURY; SUBHRAJYOTI MOHANTY; SASMITA SAHOO; BICHISMITA JENA; KALPANA BADWAL

doi:10.22159/ajpcr.2023.v16i7.48215

Authors

ANITA MISRA Department of Ophthalmology, SCB Medical College and Hospital, Cuttack, Odisha, India.
PRANATI CHAUDHURY Department of Ophthalmology, SCB Medical College and Hospital, Cuttack, Odisha, India.
SUBHRAJYOTI MOHANTY Department of Ophthalmology, SCB Medical College and Hospital, Cuttack, Odisha, India.
SASMITA SAHOO Department of Ophthalmology, SCB Medical College and Hospital, Cuttack, Odisha, India.
BICHISMITA JENA Department of Ophthalmology, SCB Medical College and Hospital, Cuttack, Odisha, India.
KALPANA BADWAL Department of Ophthalmology, SCB Medical College and Hospital, Cuttack, Odisha, India.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2023.v16i7.48215

Keywords:

Etiology, Idiopathic, Spectrum, Tuberculosis, Anterior uveitis, Visual outcome

Abstract

Objective: The objective is to study the etiology, clinical spectrum, management, and outcome of anterior uveitis in a tertiary eye care center in Eastern India and compares it with the data of other published reports.

Methods: This study was a prospective interventional clinical research performed on all (new and old) anterior uveitis patients visiting our ophthalmology OPD for treatment between January 2020 and December 2022. A thorough history, clinical examination, and investigation procedures were performed to diagnose the exact etiology and clinical characteristics of anterior uveitis. After treatment, cases were followed up for 6 months.

Results: Total cases of uveitis seen were 286, out of which anterior uveitis was the most common category with 150 cases (52%) which constituted the study population. Male patients were 71% whereas females were 29%. 61% of cases were in the age group of 20–40 years. 60% of cases were acute, 27% in chronic, whereas 13% were in the recurrent anterior uveitis stage. It was unilateral in 74% of cases. 72% of the cases were clinically nongranulomatous type. Idiopathic etiology was significantly seen in 62% of cases. For identifiable diseases, infectious cause was (16%), non-infectious (12%), and traumatic cause (10%). Infections of which the chief cause were tuberculosis (10%), viral (04%), and leprosy (02%), while in the non-infectious category of uveitis spondyloarthropathy (08%), lens-induced uveitis (04%) were the most common etiology. Before treatment vision in 15% of cases was 6/12 or better, which improved after treatment to 6/12 or better in 62% of cases. 34% of the patients had no residual complications after treatment, whereas the most common complication was persistent posterior synechia in 23% and cataract in 16% of cases.

Conclusion: The cause in majority of the cases of anterior uveitis remained idiopathic. However, prompt diagnosis appropriate and adequate treatment, and follow-up could restore good vision without significant symptoms, sequelae, or ocular morbidity in majority of cases.

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