HYPOGLYCEMIC AND HYPOLIPIDEMIC EFFECTS OF ETHANOL EXTRACT OF SARCOSTEMMA SECAMONE (L.) BENNET (ASCLEPLIADACEAE) IN ALLOXAN INDUCED DIABETIC RATS
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of ethanol extract of    Sarcostemma secamone whole plant in alloxan induced diabetic rats.
Methods: Diabetes was induced in Albino rats by administration of alloxan monohydrate (150mg/kg i.p). The ethanol extracts of Sarcostemma secamone whole plant at a dose of 150 and 300 mg/kg of body weight were administrated at a single dose per day to diabetes induced rats for a period of 14 days. The effect of ethanol extract of Sarcostemma secamone whole plant extract on blood glucose, plasma insulin, urea, creatinine, glycosylated haemoglobin, serum lipid profile [total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol(LDL-C), very low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (VLDL-C), high density lipoprotein- cholesterol (HDL-C) and phospholipid (PL), serum protein, albumin, globulin, serum enzymes [serum glutamate pyruvate transaminases] (SGPT), serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminases (SGOT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP)] were measured in the diabetic rats.
Results:Â In the acute toxicity study, ethanol extract of Sarcostemma secamone whole plant was non-toxic at 2000 mg/kg in rats. The increased body weight, decreased blood glucose, glycosylated haemoglobin and other biochemical parameters level was observed in diabetic rats treated with both doses of ethanol extract of Sarcostemma secamone whole plant compared to diabetic control rats. In diabetic rats, ethanol extract of Sarcostemma secamone whole plant administration, altered lipid profiles were reversed to near normal than diabetic control rats. Conclusion: Ethanol extract of Sarcostemma secamone whole plant possess significant hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activity in diabetic rats.
Keywords: Sarcostemma secamone, Hypoglycemic, Hypolipidemic, Alloxan, Glibenclamide, SGOT, SGPT and HbA1C
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