ANALYSIS OF ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY PATTERN OF METHICILLIN-RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

REPATI GOWRI; S A RAHIL PASHA; PARIMALA S; ARVIND NATARAJAN

doi:10.22159/ajpcr.2024v17i12.52763

Authors

REPATI GOWRI Department of Microbiology, Sri Devraj URS Medical College, Kolar, Karnataka, India
S A RAHIL PASHA Department of Microbiology, Sri Devraj URS Medical College, Kolar, Karnataka, India https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6383-1102
PARIMALA S Department of Microbiology, Sri Devraj URS Medical College, Kolar, Karnataka, India.
ARVIND NATARAJAN Department of Microbiology, Sri Devraj URS Medical College, Kolar, Karnataka, India.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2024v17i12.52763

Keywords:

MRSA, CA-MRSA, HA-MRSA, Staphylococcus aureus, Gram-positive cocci

Abstract

Objective: The present study aimed to evaluate MRSA prevalence among Staphylococcus aureus isolates, identify demographic factors associated with infections, and evaluate susceptibility to various antibiotics.

Material and Methods: The study involved various clinically infectious samples. S. aureus was identified using a battery of tests and MRSA was identified utilizing the cefoxitin disk diffusion technique. At the same time, adherence to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute protocols guided the execution of the antibiotic susceptibility assay.

Results: Out of 28,239 culture samples, 569 S. aureus isolates were detected, with 308 (54.1%) being MRSA. Most samples originated from individuals aged 41–60 years (n=110, 36%), and males accounted for (n=205, 67%) of the isolates. Pus samples notably yielded the highest proportion of MRSA (n=249, 80.8%), primarily from the surgery ward (n=120, 38.9%). Remarkably, the strains demonstrated substantial sensitivity (>90%) to linezolid, vancomycin, chloramphenicol, and doxycycline.

Conclusion: In summary, MRSA strains were sensitive to drugs such as linezolid, vancomycin, chloramphenicol, and doxycycline. The emergence of resistant variants emphasizes the necessity for continuous surveillance and careful antibiotic use, informing antibiotic stewardship programs and clinical strategies for managing MRSA infections in health-care settings.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Hassoun A, Linden PK, Friedman B. Incidence, prevalence, and management of MRSA bacteremia across patient populations-a review of recent developments in MRSA management and treatment. Crit Care. 2017 Aug 14;21(1):211. doi: 10.1186/s13054-017-1801-3. PMID: 28807042; PMCID: PMC5557425

Thampi N, Showler A, Burry L, Bai AD, Steinberg M, Ricciuto DR, et al. Multicenter study of health care cost of patients admitted to hospital with Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia: Impact of length of stay and intensity of care. Am J Infect Control. 2015 Jul 1;43(7):739- 44. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2015.01.031. PMID: 25769617

Garoy EY, Gebreab YB, Achila OO, Tekeste DG, Kesete R, Ghirmay R, et al. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA): Prevalence and antimicrobial sensitivity pattern among patients-a multicenter study in Asmara, Eritrea. Can J Infect Dis Med Microbiol. 2019 Feb 6;2019:8321834. doi: 10.1155/2019/8321834. PMID: 30881532; PMCID: PMC6381584

Grema HA, Geidam YA, Gadzama GB, Ameh JA, Suleiman A. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA): A review. Adv Anim Vet Sci. 2015;3(2):79-98. doi: 10.14737/journal. aavs/2015/3.2.79.98

Mao P, Peng P, Liu Z, Xue Z, Yao C. Risk factors and clinical outcomes of hospital-acquired MRSA infections in Chongqing, China. Infect Drug Resist. 2019 Nov 27;12:3709-3717. doi: 10.2147/IDR.S223536. PMID: 31819553; PMCID: PMC6885554

Tiwari HK, Sapkota D, Sen MR. High prevalence of multidrug-resistant MRSA in a tertiary care hospital of northern India. Infect Drug Resist. 2008;1:57-61. doi: 10.2147/idr.s4105. 0. PMID: 21694881; PMCID: PMC3108723

Dilnessa T, Bitew A. Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from clinical samples at Yekatit 12 Hospital Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. BMC Infect Dis. 2016 Aug 9;16:398. doi: 10.1186/s12879-016-1742-5. PMID: 27506613; PMCID: PMC4977752

Kaur DC, Chate SS. Study of antibiotic resistance pattern in methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus with special reference to newer antibiotic. J Glob Infect Dis. 2015 Apr-Jun;7(2):78-84. doi: 10.4103/0974-777X.157245. PMID: 26069428; PMCID: PMC4448330

Lee AS, de Lencastre H, Garau J, Kluytmans J, Malhotra-Kumar S, Peschel A, et al. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2018 May 31;4:18033. doi: 10.1038/nrdp.2018.33. PMID: 29849094

Adhikari P, Basyal D, Rai JR, Bharati L, Budthapa A, Gharti KP, et al. Prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and multidrug resistance of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from clinical samples at a tertiary care teaching hospital: An observational, cross-sectional study from the Himalayan country, Nepal. BMJ Open. 2023 May 10;13(5):e067384. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-067384. PMID: 37164471; PMCID: PMC10174000

Saikia L, Nath R, Choudhury B, Sarkar M. Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Assam. Indian J Crit Care Med. 2009 Jul- Sep;13(3):156-8. doi: 10.4103/0972-5229.58542. PMID: 20040814; PMCID: PMC2823098

Al-Zoubi MS, Al-Tayyar IA, Hussein E, Jabali AA, Khudairat S. Antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from clinical specimens in Northern area of Jordan. Iran J Microbiol. 2015 Oct;7(5):265-72. PMID: 26719783; PMCID: PMC4695508

Upreti N, Rayamajhee B, Sherchan SP, Choudhari MK, Banjara MR. Prevalence of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus, multidrug resistant and extended spectrum β-lactamase producing gram negative bacilli causing wound infections at a tertiary care hospital of Nepal. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control. 2018 Oct 8;7:121. doi: 10.1186/s13756-018-0408-z. PMID: 30338059; PMCID: PMC6174564

Pai V, Rao VI, Rao SP. Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus [MRSA] isolates at a tertiary care hospital in Mangalore, South India. J Lab Physicians. 2010 Jul;2(2):82-4. doi: 10.4103/0974-2727.72155. PMID: 21346902; PMCID: PMC3040090

Naimi HM, Rasekh H, Noori AZ, Bahaduri MA. Determination of antimicrobial susceptibility patterns in Staphylococcus aureus strains recovered from patients at two main health facilities in Kabul, Afghanistan. BMC Infect Dis. 2017 Nov 29;17(1):737. doi: 10.1186/s12879-017- 2844-4. PMID: 29187146; PMCID: PMC5707873