IN VITRO EVALUATION OF SUN PROTECTION FACTOR (SPF) OF A CREAM FORMULATION PREPARED FROM EXTRACTS OF MUSA ACCUMINATA (L.), PSIDIUM GUJAVA (L.) AND PYRUS COMMUNIS (L.)
Abstract
Objectives: Use of phytoconstituents, especially obtained from fruits extract with high content of flavonoids has gained considerable importance
in personal care products such as creams and lotions. Finding new results and data through experiments will be helpful for both researchers and
industry on the subject. The purpose of this study was to evaluate in-vitro sunscreen activity of a cream formulation containing the fruit extract of
Musa accuminata, Psidium gujava and Pyrus communis based on their flavonoid contents.
Methods: Extraction of fruits to include maximum quantity of flavonoids was carried out using solvent system comprising of methanol (35%),
ethanol (35%), and distilled water (30%). The cream was formulated and tested for the physicochemical parameters such as color, odor, pH and
spreadability. While total flavonoid content was determined by aluminum chloride colorimetric method. The in-vitro sun protection factor (SPF) of
cream formulation and commercially available sunscreen was determined by ultraviolet spectrophotometric method.
Results: The total flavonoid content of cream formulation was found to be 45.81±8.49 and expressed in terms of standard quercetin equivalent
μg/g. The SPF value for the cream formulation was recorded as 3.90, whereas commercially available sunscreen it was 12.26, indicating that cream
formulation has photoprotective activity and may be used to develop a good cosmetic formulation and to explore its commercial viability.
Conclusion: Use of phytoconstituents, especially those obtained from fruits extract with high content of flavonoids has gained considerable
importance in personal care products such as creams and lotions. Finding new results and data through experiments will be helpful for both
researchers and industry on the subject. The proposed spectrophotometric method is simple and rapid for SPF determination. Due to the high cost
and time consumption relating to in vivo SPF determination andsome ethical issues for the volunteers, the in vitro method is gaining more importance.
Keywords: Antioxidants, Formulation, In-vitro sun protection factor, Photoprotection, Fruit extract, Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy.
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References
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Table 5: In‑vitro SPF value of commercial cream measured under different wavelength
S. No.
Wavelength (λnm)
EE×I (normalized)
Absorbance×CF×EE×I
SPF=ΣEE (λ)×I (λ)×Absorbance (A)×10
Labelled SPF
0150
1593±0.002
258103
0817
933831±0.001
2874
428682±0.001
3278
061442±0.002
1864
393376±0.003
0839
063852±0.003
018
21762±0.001
SPF: Sun protection factor
Table 6: SPF values and corresponding percentage of UV blockage
SPF
Percent of UV blocked
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