MICROENCAPSULATION OPTIMIZATION OF PROPOLIS ETHANOLIC EXTRACT FROM TETRAGONULA SPP USING RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY

DIAH KARTIKA PRATAMI; ABDUL MUN’IM; HERI HERMANSYAH; MISRI GOZAN; MUHAMAD SAHLAN

doi:10.22159/ijap.2020v12i4.37808

Authors

DIAH KARTIKA PRATAMI Lab of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pancasila University, Jakarta, 12640, Indonesia
ABDUL MUN’IM Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java, 16424, Indonesia
HERI HERMANSYAH Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java, 16424, Indonesia
MISRI GOZAN Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java, 16424, Indonesia, Research Center for Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java, 16424, Indonesia
MUHAMAD SAHLAN Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java, 16424, Indonesia, Research Center for Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java, 16424, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22159/ijap.2020v12i4.37808

Keywords:

Antioxidant activity, Microencapsulation, Propolis, Response surface methodology, Spray-drying, Tetragonula spp

Abstract

Objective: This research aimed to encapsulate the propolis through spray drying to overcome problematic handling properties of propolis and to optimize the microencapsulation by using response surface methodology (RSM).

Methods: The propolis ethanolic extract (PEE) was microencapsulated by spray drying with maltodextrin and gum arabic. RSM was applied for the optimization of microencapsulation efficiency, yield, moisture content, solubility in water, total phenolic content (TPC), and antioxidant activity of spray-dried propolis (SDP) microcapsules.

Results: The highest process efficiency reached a microencapsulation yield of 75.35%. The highest solubility of SDP in water was 91.47%, with a moisture content of 0.96%. SDP exhibiting the highest TPC of 307.325 mg GAE/g, with a microencapsulation efficiency of 81.48%. Ferric reducing antioxidant power analysis showed its highest antioxidant activity with a low EC₅₀ 19.12 ug/ml with DPPH analysis, and a high reducing power capacity of 314.64 mg GAE/g.

Conclusion: Microencapsulation optimization of propolis ethanolic extract from Tetragonula spp. using RSM indicated that SDP with 1:2 ratios of the microwall to core (propolis), inlet temperature at 115 °C, and flow rate 20% represented the optimum conditions. Microencapsulation has successes improved physical appearance and the solubility index and protected and enhanced bioactive compounds and antioxidant properties of propolis in optimum condition by using spray drying.

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