EFFECT OF GRAPE SEED EXTRACT SOLUTION ON THE MICROHARDNESS OF THE ROOT CANAL DENTIN: AN IN VITRO STUDY
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22159/ijap.2020.v12s2.PP-16Keywords:
Grape seed extract, Proanthocyanidin, Microhardness, Root canal dentinAbstract
Objective: Grape seed extract (GSE) containing proanthocyanidin as a root canal irrigation solution has its antibacterial effects and ability to eliminate
the smear layer. In addition, proanthocyanidin acts as a cross-linking agent of collagen, which adds to dentin’s mechanical properties. This study
analyzed the effect of GSE containing 2.9% proanthocyanidin on the microhardness of the dentin in the root canal.
Methods: Fifty teeth were divided into three groups and immersed in GSE solution, 3% NaOCl solution, or distilled water (controls) for 30 min for 3
consecutive days. The microhardness was measured using the Vickers method. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal–Wallis test.
Results: The GSE group presented the highest microhardness values, whereas the lowest values in the NaOCl group. No significant difference in
microhardness observed between the GSE and distilled water groups.
Conclusion: The GSE solution maintains the microhardness of the root canal dentin.
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References
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cross-linkers on the shear bond strength of a self-etch adhesive system
to deep dentin. J Conserv Dent 2013;16:135-8.
27. Marion JJ, Manhães FC. Efficiency of different concentrations of
sodium hypochlorite during endodontic treatment. Literature review.
Dent Press Endod 2012;2:3-8.
28. Retamozo B, Shabahang S, Johnson N, Aprecio RM, Torabinejad M.
Minimum contact time and concentration of sodium hypochlorite
required to eliminate Enterococcus faecalis. J Endod 2010;36:520-3.
29. Chaudhari A, Asthana G, Parmar G, Vadher R, Kaur M. Significant of
apical third: A review. Sch J Appl Med Sci 2014;2:1613-7.
30. Liu Y, Bai X, Li S, Liu Y, Keightley A, Wang Y. Molecular weight and
galloylation affect grape seed extract constituents ability to cross-link
dentin collagen in clinically relevant time. Dent Mater 2015;31:814-21.
Hafiz KA. Microleakage in endodontics. J Int Oral Health 2014;6:99-104.
2. Castellan CS, Pereira P, Viana G, Chen SN, Pauli GF, Bedran-
Russo AK. Solubility study of phytochemical cross-linking agents on
dental stiffness. J Dent 2010;38:431-6.
3. Vire D. Failure of endodontically treated teeth: Classification and
evaluation. J Endod 1991;17:338-42.
4. Zakarea NA, Mohamad TH, Taqa AA, Chumbley S, Al-Juaid S,
Balto H. A newly prepared solution for the removal of the smear layer.
Int J Dent Sci Res 2014;2:19-26.
5. Ebenezar AR, Srinivasan N, Manimaran VS, Srinivasulu S,
MahalaxmiS. Application of a proanthocyanidin agent to improve
the bond strength of root dentin treated with sodium hypochlorite. J
Conserv Dent 2011;14:306.
6. Cecchin D, Farina AP, Souza MA, Albarello LL, Schneider AP,
Vidal CM, et al. Evaluation of antimicrobial effectiveness and dentine
mechanical properties after use of chemical and natural auxiliary
irrigants. J Dent 2015;3:3-10.
7. Bedran-Russo AK, Karol S, Pashley DH, Viana G. Site specific
properties of carious dentin matrices biomodified with collagen crosslinkers.
Am J Dent 2013;26:244-8.
8. Tang C, Fang M, Liu R, Dou Q, Chai ZG, Xiao YH, et al. The role
of grape seed extract in the remineralization of demineralized
dentine: Micromorphological and physical analyses. Arch Oral Biol
2013;58:1769-76.
9. Angellina AV. Potensi Ekstrak Biji Anggur Sebagai Larutan Irigasi
Saluran akar Dalam Membersihkan Smear Layer, Tesis. Indonesia:
Universitas Indonesia Library; 2013.
10. Soetanto S. Kemampuan Antibakteri Larutan Ekstrak Biji Anggur
Dengan Kadar Tanin 2, 9% Terhadap Biofilm. Indonesia: Faecalis
Universitas Indonesia Library 2014.
11. Kalluru RS. Comparative evaluation of the Effect of EDTA, EDTAC,
NaOCl, and MTAD on microhardness of human dentin an in-vitro
study. J Clin Diagn Res 2014;8:39-41.
12. Sultana S, Nikaido T, Tagami J, Matin K. Storage media to preserve
dentin and their effects on surface properties. Int China J Dent
2006;6:123-9.
13. Kandil HE, Labib AH, Alhadainy H a. Effect of different irrigant
solutions on microhardness and smear layer removal of root canal
dentin. Tanta Dent J 2014;11:1-11.
14. Aslantas EE, Buzoglu HD, Altundasar E, Serper A. Effect of EDTA,
sodium hypochlorite, and chlorhexidine gluconate with or without
surface modifiers on dentin microhardness. J Endod 2014;40:876-9.
15. Ghorbanzadeh S, Loodaricheh SA, Samizade S, Zadsirjan S. Irrigants
in endodontic treatment. Int J Contemp Dent Med Rev 2015;11:12.
16. Mathew ST. Risks and management of sodium hypochlorite in
endodontics. J Oral Hyg Health 2015;03:1-5.
17. Iampaglia SD. Effect of Bioactive Irrigants on Intraradicular Dentin
Microstructure during Endodontic Therapy. Chicago: University of
Illinois at Chicago: 2012.
18. Ghonmode WN, Balsaraf OD, Tambe VH, Saujanya KP, Patil AK,
Kakde DD. Comparison of the antibacterial efficiency of neem leaf
extracts, grape seed extracts and 3 % sodium hypochlorite against
E. faecalis an in vitro study. J Int Oral Heal 2013;5:61.
19. White DJ, Faller RV, Bowman WD. Demineralization and
remineralization evaluation techniques--added considerations. J Dent
Res 1992;71:929-33.
20. Bahrami P. Effects of 10 % carbamide peroxide on fracture toughness
and microhardness of human dentin in situ. Oper Dent 2012;38:142-50.
21. Epasinghe DJ. Applications of Proanthocyanidin in Dentistry.
Pokfulam, Hong Kong: The University of Hong Kong; 2014.
22. Budiyati E. Prospek Pengembangan Varietas-varietas Unggul Anggur
di Daerah Sentra Produksi. Indonesia: Balitjestro; 2012.
23. Prihatman K. Budidaya Pertanian: Anggur. Jakarta, Indonesia:
BAPPENAS; 2000.
24. Widyastuti Y, Paimin F. Mengenal Buah Unggul Indonesia. Jakarta:
Swadaya; 1993.
25. Liu Y, Dusevich V, Wang Y. Proanthocyanidins rapidly stabilize the
demineralized dentin layer. J Dent Res 2013;92:746-52.
26. Srinivasulu S, Vidhya S, Sujatha M, Mahalaxmi S. Effect of collagen
cross-linkers on the shear bond strength of a self-etch adhesive system
to deep dentin. J Conserv Dent 2013;16:135-8.
27. Marion JJ, Manhães FC. Efficiency of different concentrations of
sodium hypochlorite during endodontic treatment. Literature review.
Dent Press Endod 2012;2:3-8.
28. Retamozo B, Shabahang S, Johnson N, Aprecio RM, Torabinejad M.
Minimum contact time and concentration of sodium hypochlorite
required to eliminate Enterococcus faecalis. J Endod 2010;36:520-3.
29. Chaudhari A, Asthana G, Parmar G, Vadher R, Kaur M. Significant of
apical third: A review. Sch J Appl Med Sci 2014;2:1613-7.
30. Liu Y, Bai X, Li S, Liu Y, Keightley A, Wang Y. Molecular weight and
galloylation affect grape seed extract constituents ability to cross-link
dentin collagen in clinically relevant time. Dent Mater 2015;31:814-21.
Published
24-07-2020
How to Cite
ALINDA, S., MARGONO, A., & ASRIANTI, D. (2020). EFFECT OF GRAPE SEED EXTRACT SOLUTION ON THE MICROHARDNESS OF THE ROOT CANAL DENTIN: AN IN VITRO STUDY. International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics, 12(2), 62–65. https://doi.org/10.22159/ijap.2020.v12s2.PP-16
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