INVESTIGATION OF THE SYNERGISTIC ANTIBACTERIAL ACTION OF COPPER NANOPARTICLES ON CERTAIN ANTIBIOTICS AGAINST HUMAN PATHOGENS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22159/ijpps.2018v10i10.28069Keywords:
Copper nanoparticles, Bacterial pathogens, Antibacterial activity, Zone of inhibition, Antibiotics, Synergistic effectAbstract
Objective: Resistance to antibacterial agents by pathogenic bacteria has emerged in recent years and is a major challenge for the healthcare industry. Copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) are known to be one of the multifunctional inorganic nanoparticles with effective antibacterial activity. Hence the present investigation has been focused on synthesizing and evaluating the bactericidal effect of copper nanoparticles.
Methods: CuNPs were synthesized by reducing the aqueous solution of copper sulfate with sodium borohydride. The synthesized particles were characterized by x-ray diffractogram (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) techniques to analyze size, morphology and quantitative information respectively. The antibacterial activity of CuNPs was examined by agar well diffusion method. Synergistic effect of CuNPs with broad-spectrum antibiotics was determined by the agar disc diffusion method.
Results: Color change of reaction mixture from blue to dark brown indicated the formation of CuNPs. SEM image clearly demonstrated that the synthesized particles were spherical in shape and its size was found to be 17.85 nm. EDS report confirmed the presence of elemental copper in the resultant nanoparticles and its accounts for major proportion (96%) of the mass of nanoparticles. Bacterial effect of CuNPs revealed that Pseudomonas aeruginosa showed the highest antibacterial sensitivity (16.00±1.63 mm), whereas least susceptibility (9.67±0.47 mm) was noticed against Staphylococcus aureus. An enhanced antibacterial activity of commercial antibiotics was also noticed when it combined with CuNPS. A minimum zone of inhibition was increased from 0.67±0.47 mm to 10.66±0.24 mm when the nanoparticles and antibiotics were given together.
Conclusion: It was observed that copper nanoparticles exhibited profound activity against all the tested bacterial strains which shows that CuNPs may serve as a better option for use in medicine in the future.
Downloads
References
Lara HH, Ayala-Nunez NV, Turrent LCI, Padilla CR. Bactericidal effect of silver nanoparticles against multidrug-resistant bacteria. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2010;26:615-21.
Song X, Sun S, Zhang W, Yin Z. A method for the synthesis of spherical copper nanoparticles in the organic phase. J Colloid Interf Sci 2004;273:463-9.
Li ZQ, Mao YZ, Jun DB, Zhe LX, Juan GY. Preparation of copper nanoparticles by chemical reduction method using potassium borohydride. T Nonferr Metal Soc 2010;20:240-4.
Vincent M, Hartemann P, Engels-Deutsch M. Antimicrobial applications of copper. Int J Hyg Environ Heal 2016;219:585-91.
Zhang HX, Siegert U, Liu R, Cai WB. Facile fabrication of ultra copper nanoparticles in organic solvent. Nanoscale Res Lett 2009;4:705-8.
Theivasanthi T, Alagar M. Nanosized copper particles by electrolytic synthesis and characterizations. Int J Phys Sci 2011;6:3726-35.
Raffi M, Mehrwan S, Bhatti TM, Akhter JI, Hameed A, Yawar W, et al. Investigation into the antibacterial behavior of copper nanoparticles against Escherichia coli. Ann Microbiol 2010;6:75-80.
Cioffi N, Ditaranto N, Torsi L, Picca RA, Sabbatini L, Valentini A, et al. Analytical characterization of bioactive fluoropolymer ultra-thin coatings modified by copper nanoparticles. Anal Bioanal Chem 2005;38:607-16.
Ramyadevi J, Jeyasubramanian K, Marikani A, Rajakumar G, Rahuman A. Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of copper nanoparticles. Mater Lett 2012;71:114-6.
Samim M, Kaushik NK, Maitra A. Effect of the size of copper nanoparticles on its catalytic behavior in Ullman reaction. Biomater Sci 2007;30:535-40.
Selvarani M, Prema P. Evaluation of antibacterial efficacy of chemically synthesized copper and zerovalent iron nanoparticles. Asian J Pharm Clin Res 2013;6:223-7.
Selvarani M, Prema P. Synergistic antibacterial evaluation of commercial antibiotics combined with nano iron against human pathogens. Int J Pharm Sci Rev Res 2013;18:183-90.
Mulvaney P. Surface plasmon spectroscopy of nanosized metal particles. Langmuir 1996;12:788-800.
Shahverdi AR, Fakhimi A, Shahverdi HR, Minaian S. Synthesis and effects of silver nanoparticles on the antibacterial activity of different antibiotics against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Nanomedicine 2007;3:168-71.
Mukhopadhyay R, Kazi J, Debnath MC. Synthesis and characterization of copper nanoparticles stabilized with Quisqualis indica extract: evaluation of its cytotoxicity and apoptosis in B16F10 melanoma cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2018;97:1373-85.
Fatma S, Kalainila P, Ernest Ravindran RS, Renganathan S. Green synthesis of copper nanoparticles from Passiflora foetida leaf extract and its antibacterial activity. Asian J Pharm Clin Res 2017;10:223-79-83.
Ram Prasad S, Elango K, Damayandhi D, Saranya JS. Formulation and evaluation of azathioprine loaded silver nanoparticles for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Asian J Biomed Pharm Sci 2013;3:28-32.
Saranyaadevi K, Subha V, Ernest Ravindran RS, Renganathan S. Synthesis and characterization of copper nanoparticles using Capparis zeylanica leaf extract. Int J Chemtech Res 2014;6:4533-41.
Bindhu MR, Umadevi M. Synthesis of monodispersed silver nanoparticles using Hibiscus cannabinus leaf extract and its antimicrobial activity. Spectrochim Acta Part A 2013;101:184-90.
Roy AS, Parveen A, Koppalkar AR, Prasad MVNA. Effect of nano-titanium dioxide with different antibiotics against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. J Biomater Nanobiotechnol 2010;1:37-41.
Birla SS, Tiwari VV, Gade AK, Ingle AP, Yadav AP, Rai MK. Fabrication of silver nanoparticles by Phoma glomerata and its combined effect against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus. Lett Appl Microbiol 2009;48:173-9.
Fayaz AM, Balaji K, Girilal M, Yadav R, Kalaichelvan PT, Venketesan R. Biogenic synthesis of silver nanoparticles and their synergistic effect with antibiotics: a study against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Nanomedicine 2010;6:103-9.
Allahverdiyev AM, Kon KV, Abamor ES, Bagirova M, Rafailovich M. Coping with antibiotic resistance: combining nanoparticles with antibiotics and other microbial agents. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2011;9:1035-52.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
