FABRICATION OF NANOFIBRES BY ELECTROSPINNING USING KERATIN FROM WASTE CHICKEN FEATHERS, PVA AND AgNPs
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22159/ijpps.2019v11i8.33637Keywords:
Keratin, Chicken feathers, PVA, Tridax procumbens, Nanofibres, ElectrospinningAbstract
Objective: To prepare and characterise keratin from chicken feathers (CF), collected from the slaughter house, and to blend with poly vinly alcohol (PVA) and biosynthesised silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and to convert into nanofibers by an elctrospinning process.
Methods: The extraction of keratin from chicken feathers was done by sodium m-bisulphite. The solution was subjected to ammonium sulphate precipitation to separate keratin. The nanoparticles was synthesised using tridax procumbens. The isolated keratin and PVA was mixed in the ration 0f 50:50 with 1 ml of biosynthesised nanoparticles was blended and made into nanofibres by electrospinning technique.
Results: The precipitated protein was analysed using FT-IR analysis confirming the presence of β-keratin in the sample isolated from chicken feathers and the concentration of keratin was estimated to be 1.85 g/ml. PVA solution with 4% w/v had the best film forming ability. The solution containing keratin, PVA and silver nanoparticles was prepared in various proportions. These solutions when subjected to electrospinning, fibrous network was observed in 50:50 (PVA: Keratin) ratio with 1 ml of synthesised silver nanoparticle solution. Hydrogen bonding between keratin and PVA indicated in the XRD analysis showed successful film forming of the nanofiber, the DSC analysis also showed similar results as the obtained peak was at 214 °C which is in between the characteristic heat degradation temperature of both the keratin and PVA. The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) showed high thermal stability as the complete degradation of the nanofiber was observed at 420 °C. Incorporation of metal nanoparticles by herbal approach using tridax procumbens in the nanofibers provided the antimicrobial properties. The nanofibres obtained by electrospinning process appeared stable and continous for solutions containing no more than 50% wt of CF. The average diameter of the nanofibres increased as the CF content increased.
Conclusion: Keratin isolated from the waste chicken feathers impregnated with biosyntheised silver nanoparticles using tridax procumbens and PVA can be converted into nanofibers by electrospinning process. Thus, the biocomposite nano fibers are shown as a novel eco-friendly material that must be adequately applied in the development of green composites for the biomedical applications such as wound dressings.
Downloads
References
Murtha JL, Ando HY. Synthesis of the cholesteryl ester prodrugs cholesteryl ibuprofen and cholesteryl flufenamate and their formulation into phospholipids microemulsions. J Pharm Sci 1994;83:1222–8.
Kumar V, Abbas AK, Fausto N, Aster JC. Tissue renewal, regeneration and repair. In: Robbins, Cotran. editors. Pathologic Basis of Disease. Eighth ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2010. p. 79–110.
Teresa KK, Justyna B. Biodegradation of keratin waste: theory and practical aspects. Waste Manage 2011;31:1689-701.
Fraser R, MacRae T, Rogers GE. Keratins: their composition, structure, and biosynthesis. Springfield. III: Charles C. Thomas; 1972.
Schweizer J, Bowden PE, Coulombe PA, Langbein L, Lane EB, Magin TM, et al. New consensus nomenclature for mammalian keratins. J Cell Biol 2006;174:169-74.
Bin Wang, Wen Yang, Joanna McKittrick, Marc Andre Meyers. Keratin: structure, mechanical properties, occurrence in biological organisms, and efforts at bioinspiration. Progress Materials Sci 2016;76:229–318.
Fraser RDB, Parry DAD. The structural basis of the filament-matrix texture in the avian/reptilian group of hard β-keratins. J Struct Biol 2011;173:391–405.
Poole AJ, Church JS, Huson MG. Environmentally sustainable fibers from regenerated protein. Biomacromolecules 2009;11:1-8.
Shi Z, Reddy N, Hou XL, Yang YQ. Tensile properties of thermoplastic feather films grafted with different methacrylates. ACS Sustain Chem Eng 2014;2:1849-56.
Schrooyen PMM, Dijkstra PJ, Oberthur RC, Bantjes A, Feijen J. Stabilization of solutions of feather keratins by sodium dodecyl sulphate. J Colloid Interf Sci 2001;240:30-9.
Moore GR, Martelli SM, Gandolfo C, Sobral PJA, Laurindo JB. Influence of the glycerol concentration on some physical properties of feather keratin films. Food Hydrocolloid 2006;20:975-82.
Khosa M, Ullah A. A sustainable role of keratin biopolymer in green chemistry: a review. J Food Processing Beverages 2013;1:8.
Priyaah Kumaran, Arun Gupta, Swati Krishna. Synthesis of wound healing keratin hydrogels using chicken feathers proteins and its properties. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci 2017;9:171-8.
Cassidy S, Than M. Improved healing of epidermolysis bullosa wounds using a novel keratin gel technology. In: Australian Wound Management Association Conference Proceedings: Darwin, NT, Australia; 2008.
Magnus S Agren. Wound healing biomaterials. Functional biomaterials. Woodhead Publishing series in biomaterials. Elsevier; 2016. p. 2.
Tayser Sumer Gaaz, Abu Bakar Sulong, Majid Niaz Akhtar, Abdul Amir H Kadhum, Abu Bakar Mohamad, Ahmed A Al-Amiery. Properties and applications of polyvinyl alcohol, halloysite nanotubes and their nanocomposites. Molecules 2015;20:22833-47.
Nectow AR, Marra KG, Kaplan DL. Biomaterials for the development of peripheral nerve guidance conduits. Tissue Eng B Rev 2012;18:40-50.
Tiwari U, Rastogi B, Singh P, Saraef DK, Vays SP. Immunoregulatory effects of aqueous extract of tridax procumbens in experimental animals. Ethnopharmol 2004;92:113-9.
Ikese CO, Okoye ZC, Kukwa DT, Adoga SO, Lenka JL. Effect of aqueous leaf extract of tridax procumbens on blood coagulation. Int J Pharm Sci Res 2015;6:3391-5.
Taddei A, Rosas Romero AJ. Bioactivity studies of extracts from tridax procumbens. Phytomedicine 2000;7:235-41.
Himakshi Bhati, Kushwaha, Malik CP. Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using fresh extracts of Tridax Procumbens Linn. Indian J Exp Biol 2014;52:359-68.
Ravikumar V, Shivashangari K, Devakin T. Hepatoprotective activity of tridaxprocumbens against d-galactosamine/lipopolysaccharide induced hepatitis in rats. Ethnopharmacol 2005;101:55.
Salahdeen HM, Yemitan OK, Aladay ARR. Effectof aqueous leaf extract of tridax procumbens on blood pressure and heart rate in rats. Afr J Biomed Res 2004;7:27.
Ahmed A Nada, Ahmed G Hassabo, Walid Fayad, Hassan M Awad, Amany A Sleem, Nermeen M Shaffie, et al. Biomaterials based on essential fatty acids and carbohydrates for chronic wounds. J Appl Pharm Sci 2015;3:13-21.
Baek HS, Park YH, Ki CS, Park JC, Rah DK. Enhanced chondrogenic responses of articular chondrocytes onto porous silk fibroin scaffolds treated with microwave-induced argon plasma. Surface Coatings Technol 2008;202:5794-7.
Yamane S, Iwasaki N, Kasahara Y, Harada K, Majima T, Monde K, et al. Effect of pore size on in vitro cartilage formation using chitosan-based hyaluronic acid hybrid polymer fibers. J Biomed Materials Res Part A 2007;81:586-93.
Yamane S, Iwasaki N, Majima T, Funakoshi T, Masuko T, Harada K, et al. IFeasibility of chitosan-based hyaluronic acid hybrid biomaterial for a novel scaffold in cartilage tissue engineering. Biomaterials 2005;26:611-9.
Ragetly GR, Slavik GJ, Cunningham BT, Schaeffer DJ, Griffon DJ. Cartilage tissue engineering on fibrous chitosan scaffolds produced by a replica molding technique. J Biomed Materials Res Part A 2010;93A:46-55.
Izabela Sinkiewicz, Agata Sliwinska, Hanna Staroszczyk, Ilona Kołodziejska. Alternative methods of preparation of soluble keratin from chicken feathers. Waste Biomass Valorization 2017;8:1043–8.
Sangeetha R, Pavithra Niranjan, Dhanalakshmi N. Characterization of silver nanoparticles synthesised using the extract of the leaves of Tridax procumbens. research. J Med Plant 2016;10:159-66.
Trabocchi A, Occhiato EG, D Potenza D, Guarna A. Synthesis and conformational analysis of small peptides containing 6-Endo-BT(t)L scaffolds as reverse turn mimetics. J Org Chem 2002;67:7483–92.
Wan Ting Sow, Yuan Siang Lui, Kee woel NG. Electrospun human keratin matrices as templates for tissue regeneration. Adv Nanofibers Tissue Eng Regenerative Med 2013;8:531-41.
Wojciechowska E, Włochowicz A, Wesełucha Birczyńska A. Application of fourier-transform infrared and Raman spectroscopy to study degradation of the wool fiber keratin. J Mol Struct 1999;511:307-18.
Aluigi A, Varesano A, Montarsolo A, Vineis Ferrero, Mazzuchetti G, Tonin C. Electrospinning of keratin/poly(ethylene oxide) blend nanofibers. Wiley Int Sci 2006;104:863-70.
Sun P, Liu ZT, Liu ZW. Particles from bird feather: a novel application of an ionic liquid and waste resource. J Hazard Mater 2009;170:786-90.
Ming He, Buning Zhang, Yao Doua, Guoqiang Yin, Ying De Cuiac, Xunjun Chenb. Fabrication and characterization of electrospun feather keratin/poly(vinyl alcohol) composite nanofibers. Royal Soc Chem 2017;7:9854-61.
Shi Z, Reddy N, Hou XL, Yang YQ. Tensile properties of thermoplastic feather films grafted with different methacrylates. ACS Sustain Chem Eng 2014;2:1849-56.
Pavani KV, Gayathramma K, Aparajita Banerjee, Shah Suresh. Photosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using extracts of Itomoea Indica flowers. Am J Nanomaterials 2013;1:5-8.
Edwards A, Jarvis D, Hopkins T, Pixley S, Bhattarai N. Poly(ε-caprolactone)/keratin-based composite nanofibers for biomedical applications. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2015;103B:21-30.
Yen KC, Chen CY, Huang JY, Kuo WT, Lin FH. Fabrication of keratin/fibroin membranes by electrospinning for vascular tissue engineering. J Mater Chem B 2016;4:237–44.
Wan Ting Sow, Yuan Siang Lui, Kee woel NG. Electrospun human keratin matrices as templates for tissue regeneration. Adv Nanofibers Tissue Eng Regenerative Med 2013;8:531-41.
Spei M, Holzem R. Thermoanalytical investigations of extended and annealed keratine. Colloid Polym Sci 1987;265:965.
Nakano Y, Bin Y, Bando M, Nakashima T, Okuno T, Kurosu H, et al. Structure and mechanical properties of chitosan/Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) blend films. Macromol Symp 2007;258:63–81.
Yao Dou, Buning Zhang, Ming He, Guoqiang Yin, Yingde Cui, Irina N Savina. Keratin/polyvinyl alcohol blend films cross-linked by dialdehyde starch and their potential application for drug release. Polymers 2015;7:580-91.
Shuai Li, Xu-Hong Yang. Fabrication and characterization of electrospun wool keratin/poly (vinyl alcohol) blend nanofibers. Adv Materials Sci Eng 2014:7. http:// dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/163678.
Tonin C, Aluigi A, Vineis C, Varesano A, Montarsolo A, Ferrero F. Thermal and structural characterization of poly(ethylene-oxide)/keratin blend films. J Therm Anal Calorimeter 2007;89:601–8.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
