THE THE IMPACT OF ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY ON HEMOGLOBIN LEVELS OF HIV/AIDS PATIENTS AT MERPATI CLINIC, WANGAYA HOSPITAL, DENPASAR, BALI, INDONESIA

PUTU DEWINTA DARMADA; KETUT SURYANA

doi:10.22159/ijpps.2020v12i9.38721

Authors

PUTU DEWINTA DARMADA General Practitioner, Wangaya General Hospital in Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia
KETUT SURYANA Department of Internal Medicine, Wangaya HIV Study Group, Merpati Clinic, Wangaya General Hospital, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22159/ijpps.2020v12i9.38721

Keywords:

Antiretroviral therapy, Anemia, Hemoglobin, HIVAIDS

Abstract

Objective: Anemia is responsible for poor outcomes in HIV/AIDS patients. It’s related to disease progression, morbidity, and mortality. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) agent, zidovudine (ZDV) is also known to trigger anemia in the early initiation. However, studies found improved hemoglobin (Hb) levels of HIV/AIDS patients several months after ART routinely taken. This study aims to find the impact and correlation of ART on the hemoglobin level of HIV/AIDS patients.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was done at Merpati Clinic, Wangaya Hospital, Denpasar-Bali, Indonesia. Data were collected from medical records and laboratory results. A total sample of 64 HIV/AIDS patients with at least 6 mo on ART was included in this study.

Results: Anemia was found in 34 (53.1%) of patients before ART initiation. After taking ART for 6 mo, we observed a significant improvement in patients’ hemoglobin levels, 48 (75%) shows increased hemoglobin levels. The paired t-test revealed a correlation between ART and Hb level (p<0.001). Fourteen (43.8%) patient taking ZDV shows no improvement, even declining of Hb level. Chi-square analysis performed with p = 0.001 to ZDV and lower or no improvement of hemoglobin level. Both results considered statistically significant (p-value less than 0.05) with a confidence interval (CI) of 95%. Relative risk (RR) of no improvement or decline in Hb level is 7 folds higher in the ZDV group than the non-ZDV group.

Conclusion: This study concludes that ART affects hemoglobin levels in HIV/AIDS patients. Zidovudine regimen is more prone to lower or no increase of Hb.

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