QUANTIFICATION OF SEED OIL AND EVALUATION OF ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES IN THE WILD AND CULTIVATED SPECIES OF SESAMUM L. (PEDALIACEAE)

Authors

  • H Akhila Department of Botany, University of Kerala, Kariavattom, Thiruvananthapuram 695581
  • S Suhara Beevy University of Kerala

Keywords:

Sesamum, HPLC, Sesamin, Antioxidant

Abstract

Objective: Seed oil quantity and sesamin concentration in the wild and cultivated species of Sesamum from Kerala viz., Sesamum indicum, S. malabaricum, S. radiatum, S. laciniatum, S. prostratum and S. alatum were estimated in comparison with the commercially released variety, S. indicum var. CO1, along with the antioxidant properties of the species.

Methods: The seed oil extract in petroleum ether was assayed to determine sesamin concentration through High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Free radical scavenging and reducing power activities of the oil were assessed by following standard procedures.

Results: The percentage of oil content was high (49.62%) in the cultivated species, compared to the wild taxa (23.25%). The concentration of sesamin was high in S. radiatum (6.52 mg/ g) at a retention time of 31 min. The study noticed high antioxidant activity of the seed oil of the wild species, S. radiatum and S. malabaricum, which was at par with that of the cultivated species, S. indicum.

Conclusion: The antioxidant assays indicates that the species of Sesamum as a natural source of antioxidant. This property prevalent in the wild species can be of immense use in the manufacturing of therapeutic as well as pharmaceutical combinations such as anti-cancerous and anti-inflammatory- drugs.

 

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Arora RK, Riley KW. editors. Sesame biodiversity in Asia: conservation, evaluation and improvement. New Delhi: IPGRI; 1994.

Yermanos DM, Hemstreet S, Saleeb W, Huszar CK. Oil content and composition of the seed in the world collection of sesame introductions. J Am Oil Chem Soc 1972;49:20-3.

Tinay AHEI, Khattab AH, Khidir MO. Protein and oil compositions of sesame seed. J Am Oil Chem Soc 1976;53:648-53.

Shirato-Yasmotto S, Komeichi M, Okuyama Y, Horigane A. A simplified HPLC quantification of sesamin and sesamolin in sesame seed. SABRAO J Breed Genet 2003;35:27-34.

Namiki M. The chemistry and physiological functions of sesame. Food Rev Int 1995;11:281-329.

Budowski P. Recent research on sesamin, sesamolin and related compounds. J Am Oil Chem Soc 1964;41:280-5.

Mac Rae WD, Towers GHN. Biological activities of lignans. Phytochemistry 1984;23:1207-20.

Shimizu S, Akimoto K, Kawashima H, Sugano M, Yamada H. Sesamin is a potent and specific inhibitor of ï„5-desaturase in polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis. Lipids 1991;26:512-6.

Tocher JF. Isolation of another substance from sesame oil. Pharm J Transactions 1891;3:639-40.

Jeng KcG, Hou RCW. Sesamin and sesamolin: Nature’s therapeutic lignans. Curr Enz Inhib 2005;1:11-20.

Uzo JO, Adedzwa DK, Onwukwe RO. Yield, yield components and nutritional attributes of cultivated sesame, S. indicum and endemic wild relatives in Nigeria. In: Ashari A, editors. Sesame and Safflower: status and potentials. Rome: Plant production and protection paper 66; 1985. p. 166-76.

Kamal-Eldin A, Yousif G, Iskander GM, Appelqvist LA. Seed lipids of Sesamum indicum L. and related wild species in Sudan I: Fatty acids and triacylglycerols. Fatigue Sci Technol 1992;94:54-9.

Hiremath SC, Patil CG, Patil KB, Nagasampige MH. Genetic diversity of seed lipid content and fatty acid composition in some species of Sesamum L. (Pedaliaceae). Afr J Biotechnol 2007;6:539-43.

Kamal-Eldin A, Appelqvist LA. Variations in the composition of sterols, tocopherols and lignans in seed oils from four Sesamum species. J Am Oil Chem Soc 1994;71:149-56.

Moazzami AA, Anderson RE, Kamal-Eldin A. HPLC analysis of sesaminol glucosides in sesame seeds. J Agric Food Chem 2006;54:633-8.

Sadeghi N, Oveisi MR, Hajimahmoodi M, Jannat B, Mazaheri M, Mansouri S. The contents of sesamol in Iranian sesame seeds. Indian J Pharm Res 2009;8:101-5.

Schwertner HA, Rios DC. Analysis of sesamin, asarinin and sesamolin by HPLC with photodiode and flourescent detection and by GC/MS: Application to sesame oil and serum samples. J Am Oil Chem Soc 2012;89:1943-50.

Wang L, Zhang Y, Li P, Zhang W, Wang X, Qi X, et al. Variation of sesamin and sesamolin contents in sesame cultivars from China. Pak J Bot 2013;45:177-82.

Parr AJ, Bolwell GP. Phenols in the plant and in man. The potential for possible nutritional enhancement of the diet by modifying the phenols content or profile. J Sci Food Agric 2000;80:985-1012.

Dewanto V, Wu X, Adom KK, Liu RH. Thermal processing enhances the nutritional value of tomatoes by increasing total antioxidant activity. J Agric Food Chem 2002;50:3010-14.

Chang H-Y, HoY-L, Sheu M-J, Lin Y-H, Tseng M-C, Wu S-H, et al. Antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities of Phellinus merrillii extracts. Bot Stud 2007;48:407-17.

Lin SY, Liu HY, Lu YL, Hou WC. Antioxidant activities of mucilages from different Taiwanese yam cultivars. Bot Bull Acad Sin 2005;46:183-8.

Mallavadhani U, Sudhakar A, Sathyanarayana VS, Mahapatra A, Li W, Richard B. Chemical and analytical screening of some edible mushrooms. Food Chem 2006;95:58-64.

Jeong SM, Kim SY, Kim DR, Nam KC, Ahn DU, Lee SC. Effect of seed roasting conditions on the antioxidant activity of defatted sesame meal extracts. J Food Sci 2004;69:377-81.

Suja KP, Jayalekshmy A, Arumughan C. Free radical scavenging behavior of antioxidant compounds of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) in DPPH system. J Agric Food Chem 2004;52:912-5.

Fazeli F, Ghorbanli M, Niknam V. Effect of drought on biomass, protein content, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes in two sesame cultivars. Biol Plant 2007;51:98-103.

Reshma MV, Namitha LK, Sundaresan A, Kiran CR. Total phenol content, antioxidant activities and Α-Glucosidase inhibition of sesame cake extracts. J Food Biochem 2012;22:1-9.

Vishwanath HS, Anilakumar KR, Harsha SN, Khanum F, Bawa AS. In vitro antioxidant activity of Sesamum indicum seeds. Asian J Pharm Clin Res 2012;5:56-60.

Carvalho RHR, Galvao EL, Barros JAC, Conceicao MM, Sousa EMBD. Extraction, fatty acid profile and antioxidant activity of sesame extract (Sesamum indicum L.). Braz J Chem Eng 2012;29:409-20.

Bopitiya D, Madhujith T. Antioxidant activity and total phenolic content of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) seed oil. Trop Agric Res 2013;24:296-302.

Wan Y, Li H, Fu G, Chen X, Chen F, Xie M. The relationship of antioxidant components and antioxidant activity of sesame seed oil. J Sci Food Agric 2015. Dec 4. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.7035. [Epub ahead of print]

Saleem TSM, Chetty CM, Kavimani S. In-vitro antioxidant activity of sesamin isolated from sesame oil. J Nat Pharm 2013;4:120-5.

Hooker JD. Flora of British India. Vol. 4. Dehra Dun: Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh; 1885. p. 386-7.

Gamble JS. Flora of the presidency of madras. Vol. 3. London: Authority of the Secretary of State for India in Council; 1921. p. 1001-2.

Benson L. Plant classification. New Delhi: Oxford and IBH publishing; 1970. p. 230.

Dassanayake MD. A revised handbook to the Flora of Ceylon. Vol. 3. New Delhi: Amerind publishing; 1981. p. 324-7.

Pullaih T, Ramakrishnaiah V, Rani SS, Rao PN. Flora of Guntur District, Andra Pradesh. New Delhi: Regency publication; 2000. p. 259.

Sasidharan N. Biodiversity documentation for Kerala Part 6: Flowering plants. Peechi: KFRI; 2004. p. 336.

Nayar TS, Beegum RA, Mohanan N, Rajkumar G. Flowering plants of Kerala-A handbook. Thiruvananthapuram: TBGRI publications; 2006. p. 475.

Singleton VL, Rossi JA. Colorimetry of total phenolics with phosphomolybdic-phosphotungstic acid reagents. Am J Enol Vitic 1965;16:144-58.

Chiang CC, Yang MH, Wen HM, Chern JC. Estimation of total flavanoid content in propolis by two complementary calorimetric methods. Yaowu Shipin Fenxi 2002;10:178-82.

Gezer K, Duru ME, Kivrak I, Turkoglu A, Mercan N, Turkoglu H, et al. Free radical scavenging capacity and antimicrobial activity of wild edible mushroom from Turkey. Afr J Biotechnol 2006;5:1924-8.

Halliwell B, Gutteridge JMC, Aruoma OI. The deoxyribose method: a sample test tube assay for determination of rate constant for reaction of hydroxyl radicals. Anal Biochem 2003;165:215-9.

Elmastas M, Isildak O, Turkekul I, Temur N. Determination of antioxidant activity and antioxidant compounds in wild edible mushrooms. J Food Compos Anal 2007;20:337-45.

Rice-Evans CA, Miller NJ, Bolwell PG, Bramley PM, Pridham JB. The relative antioxidant activities of plant derived polyphenolic flavanoids. Free Radical Res 1995;22:375-83.

Gulcin I, Buyukokuroglu ME, Oktay M, Kufrvioglu OI. Antioxidant and analgestic activities of turpentine of Pinus nigra Arn. subsp. pallsiana (Lamb.). Hol J Ethanobotany 2003;86:51-8.

Vermaak I, Kamatou GPP, Komane-Mofokeng B, Viljoen AM, Beckett K. African seed oils of commercial importance-Cosmeics applications. South Afr J Bot 2011;77:920-33.

Beroza M, Kinman ML. Sesamin,sesamolin and sesamol content of the oil of sesame as affected by strain, location grown, ageing and frost damage. J Am Oil Chem Soc 1955;32:348-50.

Minzangi K, Kaaya NA, Kansiime F, Tabuti RSJ, Samvura B. Oil content and physicochemical characteristics of some wild oilseed plants from Kivu region eastern democratic republic of congo. Afr J Biotechnol 2011;10:189-95.

Kamal-Eldin A. Seed oils of Sesamum indicum L. and some wild relatives: A compositional study of the fatty acids, acyl lipids, sterols, tocopherols and lignans. Ph. D. thesis submitted to Swedish Univ. Agricultural Science; 1993.

Williamson KS, Morris JB, Pye QN, Kamat CD, Hensley K. A survey of sesamin and composition of tocopherol variability from seeds of eleven diverse sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) genotypes using HPLC-PAD-ECD. Phytochem Anal 2008;19:311-22.

Yen GC, Duh PD, Tsai CL. Relationship between antioxidant activity and maturity of peanut hulls. J Agric Food Chem 1993;41:67-70.

Hue SM, Boyce AN, Somasundaram C. Antioxidant activity, phenolic and flavanoid contents in the leaves of different varieties of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas). Aust J Crop Sci 2012;6:375-80.

Sakthidevi G, Mohan VR. Total phenolic, flavanoid contents and in vitro antioxidant activity of Dioscorea alata l. Tuber J Pharm Sci Res 2013;5:115-9.

Calabrone L, Larocca M, Marzocco S, Martelli G, Rossano R. Total phenols and flavanoids content, antioxidant capacity and lipase inhibition of root and leaf horseradish (Armoracia rusticana) extracts. Food Nutr Sci 2015;6:64-74.

Farhoosh R, Tavassoli-Kafrani MH, Sharif A. Assaying antioxidant characteristics of sesame seed, rice bran and bene hull oils and their unsaponifiable matters by using DPPH radical-scavenging model system. J Agric Sci Tech 2013;15:241-53.

Jose SG, Radhamany PM. In vitro antioxidant activites, total phenolics and flavonoid of wild edible mushroom Macrolepiota mastoidea (Fr.) Singer. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci 2013;5:161-6.

Ibukun EO. Fermentation attenuates the free radical scavenging and antioxidant activities of sesame seed (Sesamum indicum). Int J Pharm Appl 2012;3:324-31.

Meyer AS, Isaksen A. Application of enzymes as food antioxidants. Trends Food Sci Technol 1995;6:300-4.

Babu BH, Shylesh BS, Padikkala J. Antioxidant and hepatoprotective effect of Acanthus ilicifolius. Fitoterapia 2001;72 : 272-7.

Kuate D, Etoundi BCO, Soukontoua YB, Ngondi JL, Oben JE. Comparative study of the antioxidant, free radical scavenging activity and human LDL oxidation inhibition of three extracts from seeds of a Cameroonian spice, Xylopia parviflora (A. Rich.) Benth. (Annonaceae). Int J Biomed Pharm Sci 2011;5:18-30.

Ogunmoyole T, Rocha JBT, Okoronkwo AE, Kade IJ. Altered pH homeostasis modulates the glutathione peroxidase mimics and other antioxidant properties of diphenyl diselenide. Chem Biol Interact 2009;182:106–11.

Published

01-09-2015

How to Cite

Akhila, H., and S. S. Beevy. “QUANTIFICATION OF SEED OIL AND EVALUATION OF ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES IN THE WILD AND CULTIVATED SPECIES OF SESAMUM L. (PEDALIACEAE)”. International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, vol. 7, no. 9, Sept. 2015, pp. 136-42, https://mail.innovareacademics.in/journals/index.php/ijpps/article/view/7220.

Issue

Section

Original Article(s)