EFFECT OF FLAVONOIDS ON OXIDATIVE STRESS, APOPTOSIS, AND CELL MARKERS OF PERIPHERAL BLOOD-DERIVED ENDOTHELIAL PROGENITOR CELLS: AN IN VITRO STUDY

WAHYU WIDOWATI; RIMONTA F. GUNANEGARA; TERESA LILIANA WARGASETIA; HANNA SARI WIDYA KUSUMA; SEILA ARUMWARDANA; CINTANI DEWI WAHYUNI; ERMI GIRSANG; I NYOMAN EHRICH LISTER; CHRISMIS NOVALINDA GINTING; RIZAL RIZAL; INDRA BACHTIAR; HARRY MURTI; YOUNG HO KIM

doi:10.22159/ijap.2021.v13s3.07

Authors

WAHYU WIDOWATI Faculty of Medicine, Maranatha Christian University, Bandung 40164, West Java, Indonesia
RIMONTA F. GUNANEGARA Faculty of Medicine, Maranatha Christian University, Bandung 40164, West Java, Indonesia
TERESA LILIANA WARGASETIA Faculty of Medicine, Maranatha Christian University, Bandung 40164, West Java, Indonesia
HANNA SARI WIDYA KUSUMA Biomolecular and Biomedical Research Center, Aretha Medika Utama, Bandung, 40163, West Java, Indonesia
SEILA ARUMWARDANA Biomolecular and Biomedical Research Center, Aretha Medika Utama, Bandung, 40163, West Java, Indonesia
CINTANI DEWI WAHYUNI Biomolecular and Biomedical Research Center, Aretha Medika Utama, Bandung, 40163, West Java, Indonesia
ERMI GIRSANG Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Prima Indonesia, Medan 20118, North Sumatera, Indonesia
I NYOMAN EHRICH LISTER Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Prima Indonesia, Medan 20118, North Sumatera, Indonesia
CHRISMIS NOVALINDA GINTING Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Prima Indonesia, Medan 20118, North Sumatera, Indonesia
RIZAL RIZAL Biomolecular and Biomedical Research Center, Aretha Medika Utama, Bandung, 40163, West Java, Indonesia, Biomedical Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16426, West Java, Indonesia
INDRA BACHTIAR Stem Cell and Cancer Institute, Jakarta, 13210, Indonesia
HARRY MURTI Stem Cell and Cancer Institute, Jakarta, 13210, IndonesiaHARRY MURTI
YOUNG HO KIM College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Republic of Korea

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22159/ijap.2021.v13s3.07

Keywords:

Apoptosis, Endothelial progenitor cells, Flavonoids, Reactive oxygen species

Abstract

Objective: Circulating EPCs (endothelial progenitor cells) play a role in neovascularization and vascular repair. Oxidative stress impairs endothelial progenitor. Flavonoid is a phytochemical compound for antioxidant activity. Flavonoid effects toward oxidative stress, apoptosis, and expression of the cell markers on EPCs are not fully understood. This study was aimed to elucidate the effects of quercetin, kaempferol, and myricetin toward oxidative stress, apoptosis, and cell markers of peripheral blood-derived-EPCs.

Methods: EPCs (endothelial progenitor cells) were isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNCs) using cultivation under EPCs spesific media. Oxidative stress in EPCs was induced by H₂O₂and then treated by quercetin, kaempferol, and myricetin. Cytotoxicity was measured by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium (MTS) assay, while intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), apoptosis and characterization of cells, which expressed CD133 and KDR, was measured using flow cytometry.

Results: Quercetin, kaempferol, and myricetin at concentration 12.50 µmol/l were not toxic on EPCs as the cells viability were 96.11±4.03%, 95.42±7.75%, and 94.22±9.49%, respectively. Flavonoids decreased intracellular ROS level in EPCs (quercetin: 14.38±1.47%, kaempferol: 20.21±6.25%, and myricetin: 13.88±4.02%) compared to EPCs treated with H₂O₂(30.70%±1.04). Percetage of EPCs apoptosis was not significantly different among each treatment. Immunophenotyping showed the increasing of CD133 and KDR expression in EPCs treated with flavonoids.

Conclusion: Quercetin, kaempferol, and myricetin were safe for EPCs, decreased ROS levels, and increased CD133 and KDR expression. However, the flavonoids did not significantly affect EPCs apoptosis.

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