CENTRAL COMPOSITE DESIGN FOR FORMULATION AND OPTIMIZATION OF LONG-ACTING INJECTABLE (LAI) MICROSPHERES OF PALIPERIDONE PALMITATE

SANDIP MALI; NISHANT OZA

doi:10.22159/ijap.2021v13i5.42297

Authors

SANDIP MALI Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Research, Development and Innovation Centre (RDIC), C. U. Shah University, Wadhwan City, Surendranagar 363030, Gujarat, India
NISHANT OZA Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Research, Development and Innovation Centre (RDIC), C. U. Shah University, Wadhwan City, Surendranagar 363030, Gujarat, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22159/ijap.2021v13i5.42297

Keywords:

Central composite design, Face centered, PLGA, Long-acting, Injectable, Microspheres, Schizophrenia, Paliperidone palmitate

Abstract

Objective: The aim of the present study was to optimize long-acting injectable (LAI) microspheres of Paliperidone palmitate (PP) for treatment of schizophrenia using face-centered central composite design (FC-CCD).

Methods: In this study, poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) based LAI microspheres of paliperidone palmitate (PP) were formulated by using FC-CCD. LAI microspheres were developed by using oil in water (O/W) emulsion solvent evaporation technique. On the basis of preliminary trials, FC-CCD was employed to check effect of independent variables such as drug polymer ratio (X₁), homogenization speed (X₂) and rate of addition (X₃). While mean particle size (Y₁), drug loading (Y₂), entrapment efficiency (Y₃), burst release (Y₄), and drug release on day 60 (Y₅) were considered as dependent variables and statistically evaluation performed by using design expert 12 software. Morphology of prepared microspheres was studied by using the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) technique, while particle size was analyzed by laser diffraction technique. In vitro drug release studies were performed using a controlled temperature shaking water bath apparatus. Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) study were performed to analyze any changes in crystal behavior or to detect any chemical bonding between ingredients. ¹³C NMR and ¹H NMR techniques were used to analyze end-capping and monomer ratio in developed microspheres.

Results: The factorial batches mean particle size was found to be 38 µm to 104 µm and drug loading were found between 27.2 % to 47.2%. Mathematical modelling of drug release kinetics revealed that near zero-order drug release of checkpoint formulations. Endcap analysis and molar ratio of formulated microspheres were found to be ester end cap and ~75:25, respectively. Morphologically all the prepared samples were found to be spherical in shape and smooth surface. FTIR data showed no significant interactions occurred between drug and excipients. The actual responses of checkpoint formulations were observed within 5% variation of predicted values.

Conclusion: The prepared microspheres showed promising results of morphology, particle size, drug loading, entrapment efficiency, burst release and drug release on day 60. The successful predictive designs models were achieved from employed FC-CCD.

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