COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF CARDIAC GLYCOSIDES AND QUANTIFICATION OF PERUVOSIDE FROM THEVETIA NERIIFOLIA, JUSS FRUIT RIND EXTRACTS THROUGH HPTLC FINGERPRINTING
Keywords:
Cardiac glycosides, Fruit rind, HPTLC fingerprinting, Morphoform, PeruvosideAbstract
Objective: Present investigation was carried out to determine the cardiac glycoside profile and to quantify the powerful cardiotonic drug peruvoside in the fruit wall of Thevetia neriifolia, Juss a medicinal plant used in indigenous system of medicine since decades.
Methods: Shade dried powdered samples were subjected to soxhlet extraction using different solvents, and various forms of cardiac glycosides were analysed in all fractions using TLC plates. Positive samples for peruvoside were subjected to HPTLC fingerprinting on silica gel 60 F254 plates using chloroform: methanol (8:2v/v) mixture as mobile phase.
Results: Fingerprint profile showed the presence of 6-14 cardiac glycosides in all three morphovariat plants. Densitometric analysis at 220 nm showed a peak at Rf 0.67±0.01 to the reference drug peruvoside, and in all samples analysed an identical compound corresponding to peruvoside was eluted within a range of 0.63 to 0.75 with minor variations. It was noticed that peruvoside was the third largest cardiac glycoside extracted from the fruit rind using chloroform.
Conclusion: In all studied morphoforms, about 3.25% peruvoside was detected in the rind which was the neglected and unused portion of fruit. Using fingerprinting technique, all cardiac glycosides can be effectively separated and utilized for pharmaceutical purposes.
Downloads
References
Foster SQ. Steroid Stereochemistry and Cardiac Glycosides,. http://helios.hampshire.edu/~nlNS/mompdfs/cardiac_glycocides.pdf2004.
Melero CP, Medarde M, Feliciano S. A short review on Cardiotonic steroids and their Aminoguanidine Analogues. J Molecules 2000;5:51-81.
Kirtikar KR, Basu BD, An CIC, Vol, II. Indian Medicinal Plants, 2nd ed. Dehra Dun:Bishen Singh;Mahenrda Pal Singh 1980.
Nellis DW. Poisonous Plants and Animals of Florida and the Caribbean, 1st ed. Florida:Pineapple press;1997.
Joshi SG, X., H. IB. Family In:Medicinal Plants.p. 40-51.
Bhatia ML, Manchanda SC, Roy SR. Haemodynamic Studies with Peruvoside in Human Congestive Heart Failure. Br Med J 1970;26:740-3.
Imai S, Katano Y, Takeda K, Kumada M, Iizuka H. A quantitative comparison of the cardiac actions of peruvoside with those of G-strophanthin and proscillaridin. Tohoku J of Experimental Medicine 1972;108(4):389-99.
Platz EA, Yegnasubramanian S, Liu JO, Chong CR, Shim JS, Kenfield SA, et al. A novel two-stage, transdisciplinary study identifies digoxin as a possible drug for prostate cancer treatment. J Cancer Discov 2011;1(1):68-77.
Li H, Zhou H, Wang D, Qiu J, Zhou Y, Li X, et al. Versatile pathway-centric approach based on high-throughput sequencing to anticancer drug discovery. J Edition 2013:1-6.
Montano CJM, Burgos-Moron E, Orta ML, Maldonado-Navas D, Garcia-Dominguez I, Lopez-Lazaro M. Evaluating the Cancer Therapeutic Potential of Cardiac Glycosides. J Biomed Res Int 2014:1-9.
Prassas I, Diamandis EP. Novel therapeutic applications of cardiac glycosides. J Nature Reviews Drug Discovery 2008;7(11):926-35.
Anderson ES, Lin C-H, Xiao X, Stoilov P, Burge CB, Black DL. The cardiotonic steroid digitoxin regulates alternative splicing through depletion of the splicing factors SRSF3 and TRA2B. RNA (New York, NY) 2012;18(5):1041-9.
Newman RA, Yang P, Pawlus AD, Block KI. Cardiac glycosides as novel cancer therapeutic agents. J Molecular Interventions 2008;8(1):36-49.
Chen KK, Chen AL. The constituents of Be-still nuts Thevetia Neriifolia. J of Biol Chem 1933;105(2):231-40.
Siddiqui S, Siddiqui BS, Adil Q, Begum S. Cardenolides and Triterpenoids of the Leaves of Thevetia neriifolia. J Phytochemistry 1992;31(10):3541-6.
Abe F, Yamauchi T, Wan ASC. Cardiac glycosides from the Leaves of Thevetia neriifolia. J Phytochemistry 1992;31(9):3189-93.
Roberts DM, Southcott E, Potter JM, Roberts MS, Eddleston M, Buckley NA. Pharmacokinetics of digoxin cross-reacting substances in patients with acute yellow Oleander (Thevetia peruviana) poisoning, including the effect of activated charcoal. J Ther Drug Monit 2006;28(6):784-92.
Miyagawa T, Ohtsuki T, Koyano T, Kowithayakorn T, Ishibashi M. Cardenolide glycosides of Thevetia peruviana and triterpenoid saponins of Sapindus emarginatus as TRAIL resistance-overcoming compounds. J Nat Prod 2009;72(8):1507-11.
Harborne JB, A., New E. Phytochemical Methods:to Modern Techniques of Plant Analysis, 3rd Springer (India) private Ltd. J Acta Pol Pharm 1973.
Wagner H, Bladt S, A. Plant Drug Analysis:Layer Chromatography Atlas 1996.
Reich E, Schibli A, New P. High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography for the Analysis. J Medicinal Theime Medicinal Publishers 2006.
Hassan MM, Saha AK, Khan SA, Islam A, Zaman MMU, Ahmed SSU. Studies on the Antidiarrhoeal, Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic activities of Ethanol Extracted Leaves of Yellow Oleander (Thevetia peruviana). J Open Veter Jour 2011;1:28-31.
Hammuel C, Yebpella GG, Shallangwa GA, Magomya AM, Agbajp AS. Phytochemical and antimicrobial screening of methanol and aqueous extracts of Agave sisalana. J Acta Pol Pharm 2011;68(4):535-9.
Kishan S, Kumar AK, Vimlesh M, Mubeen US, Alok S, J. A review on:Thevetia peruviana. J Int Res 2012;3(4):74-7.
Rangaswami S, Rao EV. The constitution of ruvoside. linkspringercomarticle101007BF03045854;1961.
Bisset NG, Part IV. Cardiac glycosides Apocynaceae:A preliminary Paper Chromatographic Study of the Glycosides from Thevetia peruviana (Pers.) K.Schum. Annals Bogoriens. J Acta Pol Pharm 1961;4(2):145-52.
Gulati A, Jain SK, Srivastava PS. Experimental studies on Thevetia neriifolia Juss – A review. Ind J Chem 2000;39B:808-12.
Nesy EA, Mathew L, J. Detection and Quantification of Cardiotonic Drug Peruvoside using HPTLC from Thevetia neriifolia, Juss Seed Extracts. J Int Sci Inv 2014;3(4):11-6.
Nesy EA, Mathew L, A., Using H. Quantification of Peruvoside (drug for Congestive heart failure) fingerprinting from Withered Flowers of Thevetia neriifolia, Juss. Indo American J of Pharm Res Acta Pol Pharm 2014;4(06):2766-72.
Joshy S, Aeri V, Frank D. J Practical Pharmacognosy 2009.
Kokate CK, Purohit AP, Gokhale SB. Drugs containing Glycosides In:Pharmacognosy, 42nd Edn. Pune:Nirali Prakashan;2008.p.1-8.