IN VIVO AND IN VITRO EVALUATION OF TEPHROSIA CALOPHYLLA FOR ANTI-DIABETIC PROPERTIES
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22159/ijpps.2018v10i6.25551Keywords:
Anticancer activity, Tephrosia calophylla, IC50 value, MTT assay and antioxidant activityAbstract
Objective: The objective the present work was to investigate in vivo and in vitro anti-diabetic potentials of methanol extract of Tephrosia calophylla against alloxan-induced diabetes in albino rats.
Methods: For in vivo evaluation, diabetes was induced in albino rats by administering a single dose of alloxan. The study was designed to test the acute effect of methanol extract of Tephrosia calophylla (TCME) to reduce blood glucose in OGTT. The chronic study of 21 d was performed against diabetic rats and blood glucose was determined at 1st, 7th, 14th and 21st day. In chronic in vivo study, serum concentrations of insulin, urea, creatinine, total cholesterol, triglycerides, ALT and AST were also estimated at 21st day. The in vitro α-glucisidase inhibitory activity and α-amylase inhibitory activity were performed and IC50 values of the extract was determined. The glucose uptake by rat hemidiaphragm model was also used test potentials of the extract to increase utilization of the glucose by tissues.
Results: In OGTT, standard glibenclamide and TCME at 400 mg/kg treated animals have shown significant reduction in blood glucose at 90 min but at 120 min, blood glucose level (BGL) was significantly reduced in glibenclamide and TCME at 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg treated animals compared to diabetic control group. In chronic modelthe methanol extract effectively reduced blood glucose levels (P<0.001) at 14 th and 21st day of study in therapeutic groups and effect was comparable to that of standard. The extract could also significantly (P<0.001) reduce concentrations of SGOT, triglycerides (TGs), Total cholesterol (TC) and urea in serum and significantly (P<0.001) increased the insulin level in blood which proves beneficial effects of the extract in diabetes. The change in concentrations of SGPT and urea were less significant (P>0.01). In vitro studies, against both glucosidae and  amyalase inhibitory activities, extract has shown significant IC50 values and it also enhanced glucose utilization by rat hemidaphragm.
Conclusion: The results obtained from the present study suggest that, the methanol extract of Tephrosia calophylla possess significant in vivo anti-diabetic properties against alloxan induced diabetes in rats. The results also suggests that, TCME also possess the significant in vitro anti-dabetic potentials.
Downloads
References
Bailey CJ, Day C. Traditional plants medicines as treatments for diabetes. Diabetes Care 1989;12:552-6.
Huang THW, Peng G, Kota BP, Li GQ, Yamahara J, Roufogalis BD, et al. the Anti-diabetic action of punicagranatum flower extract: activation of PPAR-c and identification of an active component. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2005;207:160-9.
Kumar P, Clark M. Diabetes mellitus and other disorders of metabolism. In: Clinical Medicine, Sunders, WB (Eds.). 2nd ed. Elsevier, London; 2002. p. 1069-71.
Burke JP, Williams K, Narayan KMV, Leibson C, Haffner SM, Stern MP. A population perspective on diabetes prevention: Whom should we target for preventing weight gain. Diabetes Care 2003;26:1999-2004.
Tsay HS, Agrawal DC. Tissue culture technology of chinese medicinal plant resources in taiwan and their sustainable Utilization. Int J Appl Sci Eng 2005;3:215-23.
Baranwal A, Mazumder A, Chakraborthy GS, Gupta S. Phytopharmacological uses of tephrosia purpurea-a review. Pharmacophore 2014;5:658-65.
Saad T, Muhammad AS, Muhammad A. A review on the phytochemistry and pharmacology of genus tephrosia. Phytopharmacol 2013;4:598-637.
Hari Kishore P, Vijaya Bhaskar Reddy M, Gunasekar D, Marthanda Murthy M, Caux C, Bodo B. A new coumestan from Tephrosia calophylla. Chem Pharm Bull 2003;51:194-6.
Reddy RV, Khalivulla SI, Reddy BA, Reddy MV, Gunasekar D, Deville A, et al. Flavonoids from tephrosiacalophylla. Nat Prod Commun 2009;4:59-62.
Kokate CK. Practical pharmacognosy. Vallabh Prakashan New Delhi: 1994;4:110-1.
Khandelwal KR. Practical pharmacognosy-techniques and experiments. Pune; Nirali Prakashan; 2000.
OECD. Acute Oral Toxicity-Acute Oral Toxic Class Method. Guideline 423, adopted 23.03.1996. In: Eleventh Addendum to the OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Paris; 2000.
Vogel G, Vogel H. The textbook of pharmacological screening methods and drug evaluation. Evaluation of anti-diabetics; 1971.
Sanjay J. Antidiabetic activity of Paspalumscrobiculatum Linn. In: Alloxan-induced diabetic rats. J Ethnopharmacol 2010;127:325–8.
Sujith K, Ronald Darwin C, Roosevelt C. Antidiabetic activity of methanolic extract of Butea frondosa leaves with its possible mechanism of action. Asian J Pharm Clin Res 2011;4:93-8.
Priya G, Gopalakrishnan M, Sekar T. Evaluation of antidiabetic potential of selected species of salacia leaf extract. Int J Adv Pharm 2016;5:107-15.
Rangachari B, Veeramuthu D, Savarimuthu I. Antidiabetic activity of γ-sitosterol isolated from Lippianodiflora L. in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. European J Pharmacol 2011;667:410–8.
Yashwant Kumar A, Nandakumar K, Handral M, Sahil T, Daniel Dhayabaran C. Hypoglycaemic and anti-diabetic activity of stem bark extracts Erythrina indica in normal and alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Saudi Pharm J 2011;19:35–42.
National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards. User evaluation of Precision Performance of Clinical Chemistry Devices. NCCLS: NCCLS; 1984. Available from: http://www.thermo.com/eThermo/CMA/PDFs/Product/productPDF_50918.pdf. [Last accessed on 20 Jan 2018]
Kennedy JW, Carey RN, Coolen RB. Evaluation of precision performance of clinical chemistry devices; approved guideline (EP5-A). Wayne PA. The National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards; 1999. Available form: http://www. qualtexlabs.org/pdf/ALT.pdf. [Last accessed on 20 Jan 2018].
Dahlqvist A. Method for assay of intestinal disaccharidases. Anal Biochem 1964;7:18-25.
Stems Sneha JAA, Sanjay Chaudhari B. Alpha ¬amylase inhibitory and hypoglycemic activity of Clerodendrone multiflorum linn. Asian J Pharm Clin Res 2011;4:99-102.
Kwon GJ, Choi DS, Wang MH. Biological activities of hot water extracts from Euonymus alatus leaf. J Korean Food Sci Technol 2007;39:569-74.
Walaas E, Walaas O. Effect of insulin on rat diaphragm under anaerobic conditions. J Biol Chem 1952;195:367-73.
Ajabnor MA, Tilmisany AK. Effects of Trigonella feonum graceum on blood glucose levels in normal and Alloxan-diabetic mice. J Ethnopharmacol 1998;22:15-49.
Dunn JS, Sheehan HL, McLetchie NG. Necrosis of langerhans produced experimentally. Lancet 1943;1:484-7.
Pamela CC, Richard AH, Denise RF. Type 1 diabetes mellitus: Lippincott’s Wlliams and wlikins, India. 1st edition; 1994. p. 336-7.
Satyanarayana U, Chakrapani. Insulin, glucose homeostasis and diabetes mellitus. Fundamentals of biochemistry Kolkata. Third edition; 2008. p. 678-80.
Harshmohan. The Endocrine system: Textbook of Pathology. New Delhi, Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd: 4th ed. 2002. p. 849-51.
Vinaykumar Abul KA, Nelson F. Diabetes mellitus: Pathologic basis of Disease. Robbins and Cotran. andth edition. India; 2004. p. 1189-226.
Abdul HZ. Serum lipid profile in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus associated with obesity. Int J Diabetes Dev Countries 1995;15:9-14.
Simona M, Rita M, Giulio M. Diabetes and liver disease: an ominous association. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2007;17:63-70.
Sara M, Luca M, Francesco V, Giacomo L, Fiabo M. Glycogenic hepatopathy associated with type1 diabetis mellitus as a cause of recurrent liver damage. Ann Hepatol 2012;11:554-8.
Enyioma NO, Abdu A. Update in diabetic nephropathy. Int J Diabetes Metab 2005;13:1-9.
Bhandari MR, Anurakkun NJ, Hong G, Kawabata J. a-Glucosidase and a-amylase inhibitory activities of Nepalese medicinal herb Pakhanbhed (Bergeniaciliata, Haw.). Food Chem 2008;106:247-52.
Puls W, Keup U, Krause HP, Thomas G, Hoffmeister F. Glucosidase inhibition. A new approach to the treatment of diabetes, obesity, and hyperlipoproteinaemia. Naturwissenschaften 1977;64:536-7.
Toeller M. a-Glucosidase inhibitors in diabetes: efficacy in NIDDM subjects. Eur J Clin Invest 1994;24:31-5.
Chiba S. Molecular mechanism in a-glucosidase and glucoamylase. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 1997;61:1233-9.
Honda M, Hara Y. Inhibition of rat small intestinal sucrase and a-glucosidase activities by tea polyphenols. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 1993;57:123-4.
DeFronzo RA, Jacot E, Jequier E, Maeder E, Wahren J, Felber JP. The effect of insulin on the disposal of intravenous glucose. Results from indirect calorimetry and hepatic and femoral venous catheterization. Diabetes 1981;30:1000-7.
Melander A. Glucose uptake by hemidiaphragm. Diabet Med 1996;13:143.
Cohen G, Heikkila KE. Generation of hydrogen peroxide, superoxide radical by 6-hydroxy dopamine, dialuric acid and related agents. J Biol Chem 1974;49:2447-52.
Okamoto H. Molecular basis of experimental diabetes: degeneration, oncogenesis and regeneration of pancreatic β-cells. Bio Essays 1995;2:15-21.
Takasu N, Asawa T, Komiya I, Nagaswa Y, Yamada T. Alloxan-induced DNA strand breaks in pancreatic islets: Evidence for H2O2 as an intermediate. J Biol Chem 1991;266:2112-14.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
