COMPARATIVE PHYTOCHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION OF FIVE GLYCINE MAX (L.) MERRILL GENOTYPES

HOWAIDA I ABD-ALLA; HANAN A. A TAIE; MARWA M ABD-ELMOTALEB

doi:10.22159/ajpcr.2019.v12i2.30322

Authors

HOWAIDA I ABD-ALLA Department of Chemistry of Natural Compounds, Division of Drugs and Pharmaceutical Industries, National Research Centre (NRC), Cairo, Egypt.
HANAN A. A TAIE Department of Plant Biochemistry, Division of Agriculture and Biological Researches, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt.
MARWA M ABD-ELMOTALEB Department of Medical plants, National Nutrition Institute, The General Organization for Teaching Hospitals and Institutes, Ministry of Health, Cairo, Egypt.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2019.v12i2.30322

Keywords:

Glycine max, Antioxidant, Antitumor, Glucose, Amino acids, Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, High-performance liquid Chromatographyphotodiode array

Abstract

Objective: Soybean (Glycine max L. Merrill) is the world’s most important consumed seed legume. The objectives of the present study were to determine the variability in phytochemical composition and biological activities between five genotypes of G. max.

Methods: Lipoidal matters were determined using glucose (GLC). Amino acids were detected by the amino acid analyzer. The phytoconstituents present within each ethanol extract was investigated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The amount of total phenolics, flavonoids, and tannins was analyzed using a spectrophotometric technique, based on Folin–Ciocalteu reagent, aluminum chloride colorimetric assay, and the modified vanillin hydrochloric acid method, respectively. Quercetin, catechin, and gallic acid were used as standard compounds, respectively. Isoflavones content were detected by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)/photodiode array (PDA). The radical scavenging and antioxidant capacity of the genotypes using different in vitro analytical assays such as 2,2-diphenyl,1-picryl hydrazyl, 2,2’-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid, reducing power, metal chelating, and ferric reducing anti-oxidant power. Butyl hydroxyl toluene and trolox were used as the reference antioxidant radical scavenger compounds. Antitumor activity was evaluated by detecting the viability of Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells on four different concentrations (1–5 mg/mL).

Results: GLC analysis showed the high value of total unsaturated fatty acids and 16 amino acids including glutamic acid with the highest concentration. The variation between genotypes according to their chemical composition of the aldehydes, esters, ketones, alcoholics, and carboxylic content were reported. HPLC/PDA referred to the presence of daidzein, genistein, and in all genotypes.

Conclusion: The results confirm the higher value of phytoconstituents of the genotype Giza 35 and Giza 21 as well as their better bioactivity.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biography

HOWAIDA I ABD-ALLA, Department of Chemistry of Natural Compounds, Division of Drugs and Pharmaceutical Industries, National Research Centre (NRC), Cairo, Egypt.

Chemistry of Natural Compounds

References

Gomes LS, Senna R, Sandim V, Silva-Neto MA, Perales JE, Zingali RB, et al. Four conventional soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] seeds exhibit different protein profiles as revealed by proteomic analysis. J Agric Food Chem 2014;62:1283-93.

Butler LM, Wu AH, Wang R, Koh WP, Yuan JM, Yu MC, et al. A vegetable-fruit-soy dietary pattern protects against breast cancer among postmenopausal Singapore Chinese women. Am J Clin Nutr 2010;91:1013-9.

Matsumura K, Tanaka T, Kawashima H, Nakatani T. Involvement of the estrogen receptor beta in genistein-induced expression of p21(waf1/cip1) in PC-3 prostate cancer cells. Anticancer Res 2008;28:709-14.

MacDonald RS, Guo J, Copeland J, Browning JD Jr. Sleper D, Rottinghaus GE, et al. Environmental influences on isoflavones and saponins in soybeans and their role in colon cancer. J Nutr 2005;135:1239-42.

Ma DF, Qin LQ, Wang PY, Katoh R. Soy isoflavone intake increases bone mineral density in the spine of menopausal women: Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Clin Nutr 2008;27:57-64.

Ponnusha BS, Pasupathi P, subramaniyam B, Virumandy SR. A complete evaluation of the antioxidant and antimicrobial potential of Glycine max. Int J Cur Sci Res 2011;1:6-12.

Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Official Methods of Analysis. 15th ed. Washington DC., USA, Association of Official Analytical Chemists; 1990.

Johnson AR, Davenport JB. Biochemistry and Methodology of Lipids. New York: John Wiley and Sons Inc.; 1971. p. 31.

Iverson JL, Sheppard AJ. Programmed temperature gas chromatographic analysis of esters of fatty acids. J Chromatogr Sci 1975;13:505-8.

Adams RP. Identification of Essential Oils by Ion Trap Mass Spectroscopy. New York: Academic Press Inc.; 1995.

Jennings W, Shibamato T. Qualitative Analysis of Flavor and Fragrance Volatiles by Glass Capillary Gas Chromatography. New York: Academic Press; 1981.

Meda A, Lamien CE, Romito M, Millogo J, Nacoulma OG. Determination of the total phenolic, flavonoid and proline contents in Burkina Fasan honey, as well as their radical scavenging activity. Food Chem 2005;91:571-7.

Ordoñez AA, Gomez JD, Vattuone MA, lsla MI. Antioxidant activities of Sechium edule (Jacq.) Swartz extracts. Food Chem 2006;97:452-8.

Maxon ED, Rooney LW. Evaluation of methods for tannin analysis in Sorghum grain. Cereal Chem 1979;49:719-729.

Klejdus B, Mikelová R, Petrlová J, Potesil D, Adam V, Stiborová M, et al. Evaluation of isoflavone aglycon and glycoside distribution in soy plants and soybeans by fast column high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with a diode-array detector. J Agric Food Chem 2005;53:5848-52.

Brand-Williams W, Cuvelier ME, Berset C. Use of a free radical method to evaluate antioxidant activity. LWT 1995;28:25-30.

Oyaizu M. Studies on the product of browning reaction prepared from glucosamine. Nutrition 1986;44:307-15.

Dinis TC, Maderia VM, Almeida LM. Action of phenolic derivatives (acetaminophen, salicylate, and 5-aminosalicylate) as inhibitors of membrane lipid peroxidation and as peroxyl radical scavengers. Arch Biochem Biophys 1994;315:161-9.

Re R, Pellegrini N, Proteggente A, Pannala A, Yang M, Rice-Evans C, et al. Antioxidant activity applying an improved ABTS radical cation decolorization assay. Free Radic Biol Med 1999;26:1231-7.

Benzie IF, Strain JJ. Ferric reducing/antioxidant power assay: Direct measure of total antioxidant activity of biological fluids and modified version for simultaneous measurement of total antioxidant power and ascorbic acid concentration. Methods Enzymol 1999;299:15-27.

El-Merzabani MM, El-Aaser AA, Attia MA, El-Duweini AK, Ghazal AM. Screening system for Egyptian plants with potential anti-tumour activity. Planta Med 1979;36:150-5.

Silva A, Ciabotti S, Juhasz A, Mendonça C, Tavano O, Mandarino J, et al. Chemical composition, protein profile, and isoflavones content in soybean genotypes with different seed coat colors. Int Food Res J 2016;23:621-9.

Bhardwaj HL, Bhagsari AS, Joshi JM, Rangappa M, Sapra VT, Rao MS. Yield and quality of soymilk and tofu made from soybean genotypes grown at four locations. Crop Sci 1999;39:401-5.

Vieira CR, Cabral LC, Paula AC. Proximate composition and amino acid, fatty acid and mineral contents of six soybean cultivars for human consumption. Pesqui Agropecu Bras 1999;34:1277-83.

Neff WE, List GR. Oxidative stability of natural and randomized high palmitic and high-stearic acid oils from genetically modified soybean varieties. J Am Oil Chem Soc 1999;76:825-31.

Spencer L, Mann C, Metcalfe M, Webb M, Pollard C, Spencer D, et al. The effect of omega-3 FAs on tumour angiogenesis and their therapeutic potential. Eur J Cancer 2009;45:2077-86.

Xu Y, Qian SY. Anti-cancer activities of ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Biomed J 2014;37:112-9.

Hu X, Ge X, Liang W, Shao Y, Jing J, Wang C, et al. Effects of saturated palmitic acid and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on sertoli cell apoptosis. Syst Biol Reprod Med 2018;64:368-80.

Li X, Rezaei R, Li P, Wu G. Composition of amino acids in feed ingredients for animal diets. Amino Acids 2011;40:1159-68.

Wernerman J. Clinical use of glutamine supplementation. J Nutr 2008;138:2040S-2044S.

Meldrum BS. Glutamate as a neurotransmitter in the brain: Review of physiology and pathology. J Nutr 2000;130:1007S-15S.

Taie HA, Abd-Alla HI, Ali SA, Aly HF. Chemical composition and biological activities of two Solanum tuberosum cultivars grown in Egypt. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci 2015;7:311-20.

El-baz FK, Hassan AZ, Abd-Alla HI, Aly HF, Mahmoud K. Phytochemical analysis, assessment of antiproliferative and free radical scavenging activity of Morus alba and Morus rubra fruits. Asian J Pharmaceut Clin Res 2017;10:189-99.

Yang CS, Landau JM, Huang MT, Newmark HL. Inhibition of carcinogenesis by dietary polyphenolic compounds. Annu Rev Nutr 2001;21:381-406.

Mohamed NZ, Abd-Alla HI, Aly HF, Mantawy M, Ibrahim N, Hassan SA. CCl4-induced hepatonephrotoxicity: Protective effect of nutraceuticals on inflammatory factors and antioxidative status in rat. J Appl Pharm Sci 2014;4:87-100.

Anthony MS, Clarkson TB, Hughes CL Jr. Morgan TM, Burke GL. Soybean isoflavones improve cardiovascular risk factors without affecting the reproductive system of peripubertal rhesus monkeys. J Nutr 1996;126:43-50.

Alghamdi SS, Khan MA, El-Harty EH, Ammar MH, Farooq M, Migdadi HM, et al. Comparative phytochemical profiling of different soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr) genotypes using GC-MS. Saudi J Biol Sci 2018;25:15-21.

Abu-Gabal NS, Abd-Alla HI, Mohamed NZ, Aly HF, Shalaby NM. Phytophenolics composition, hypolipidemic, hypoglycemic and antioxidative effects of the leaves of Fortunella japonica (Thunb.) swingle. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci 2015;7:55-63.

Awad HM, Abd-Alla HI, Mahmoud KH, El-Toumy SA. In vitro anti-nitrosative, antioxidant, and cytotoxicity activities of plant flavonoids: A comparative study. Med Chem Res 2014;23:3298-307.

Sales PM, Souza PM, Simeoni LA, Silveira D. Α-amylase inhibitors: A review of raw material and isolated compounds from plant source. J Pharm Pharm Sci 2012;15:141-83.

Barnes S, Peterson, G, Grubbs C, Setchell, K. Potential role of dietary isoflavones in the prevention of cancer, Adv Exp Med Biol 1994;354:135-47.

Lee J, Renita M, Fioritto RJ, St Martin SK, Schwartz SJ, Vodovotz Y, et al. Isoflavone characterization and antioxidant activity of Ohio soybeans. J Agric Food Chem 2004;52:2647-51.

Özcelik B, Lee JH, Min DB. Effects of light, oxygen and pH on the 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method to evaluate antioxidants. J Food Sci 2003;68:487.

Prakash D, Upadhyay G, Singh BN, Singh HB. Antioxidant and free radical-scavenging activities of seeds and agricultural wastes of some varieties of soybean (Glycine max). Food Chem 2007;104:783-90.

Okuda T. Structure-activity relationship of antioxidant and antitumor polyphenols. In: Ohigashi H, Osawa T, Terao J, Watanabe S, Yoshikawa T, editors. Food Factors for Cancer Prevention. Tokyo: Springer; 1997. p. 280-5.

Wada K, Nakamura K, Tamai Y, Tsuji M, Kawachi T, Hori A, et al. Soy isoflavone intake and breast cancer risk in japan: From the Takayama study. Int J Cancer 2013;133:952-60.

Sugiyama A, Yamazaki Y, Yamashita K, Takahashi S, Nakayama T, Yazaki K, et al. Developmental and nutritional regulation of isoflavone secretion from soybean roots. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2016;80:89-94.